Averaged across studies to determine the overall impact of all the studies
What is the effect size
100
The variable that the researcher manipulates; the treatment.
What is the independent variable
100
The variable that measures if a change occurred; the outcome variable
What is the dependent variable
100
How results should be reported from a single-subjects design
What is descriptive statistics and graphs
100
A correlation coefficient of .87 between time spent studying and midterm grade indicates that
What is a strong, positive relationship between time spent studying and midterm grade.
200
This is the only way to average effect sizes across several studies
What is a meta-analysis
200
Used to equalize the different groups in research ("the great equalizer); associated with high internal validity.
What is random assignment to groups
200
Used to ensure that the sample is representative of the population; associated with good external validity.
What is random selection
200
When several single-subjects designs are conducted at the same time
What is a single-subjects multiple-baseline design
200
True/False: In a study that shows a strong, positive relationship between ice-cream sales and number of boating accidents, we can say that increased ice-cream sales cause the increases in boating accidents
What is FALSE
300
True or false: the quality of a meta analysis is dependent on the quality of the studies it is based on.
What is "true"
300
A type of variable that can detrimentally influence the research; a variable the researcher is not in control of.
What is an extraneous or confounding variable.
300
When a participant only gets a single level of a factor (e.g. gender is either male or female), this factor/variable is a _______ subjects variable
What is between subjects
300
Causal comparative designs are not experimental because they lack __________
What is random assignment to group and manipulation of an independent variable.
300
A correlational method that allows us to predict one outcome variable (Dependent variable) from two or more predictor variables (independent variables)
What is multiple regression
400
In the Hyde, et al. (1990) meta-analysis, the overall results indicated that
What is a small but significant difference between boys and girls math outcomes (boys did better).
400
When a participant all levels of a factor (e.g. wearing 10, 20 and 30lb weighted vests while doing pushups), this factor/variable is a _______ subjects variable
What is within subjects
400
This design includes the manipulation of an independent variable, but no random assignment to groups.
What is a quasi-experiment
400
The difference between a causal-comparative design and a quasi-experimental design is that
What is manipulation of the independent variable in the quasi-experiment.
400
From a correlation coefficient showing a relationship between time spent studying and midterm grade, r = .50, we can conclude that _____ proportion/percentage of midterm grade is accounted for by time spent studying
What is .25 or 25%
500
In the Hyde, et al., (2008) re-analysis of the original meta-analysis, they found that over the past 10 years, gender differences had
What is all but disappeared.
500
When a study involves more than one independent variable; the name of this type of design
What is a factorial design
500
The two things that give us very good evidence that a cause-effect relationship is evident (though one or the other alone are also good)
What is random assignment to groups and manipulation of the independent variable.
500
Results from a single-subject design should be generalized to
What is the individual from the study; not to anyone else.
500
In a multiple regression, we found that age and years of education both predict memory for new information, R = .75. What proportion or percentage of memory for new information do these two variables combined account for?