Educational Psych & Research
Teacher's Sense of Efficacy
Teachers belief that they can reach even the most difficult students
Myelination & its goal
The process of neural fibers being covered with a fatty coating called myelin- makes message transfers more efficient
Joint actions of individual biology & environment
Coactions
shape & influence eachother
Cortex
Groups of students develop their own norms for appearance & social behavior.
What are Peer cultures?
The goal of microgenetic studies
To intensively study cognitive processes while the change is actually occurring.
Nerve cells that store & transfer information
neurons
Accommodation
Altering existing schemas or creating new ones in response to new info
Physical or emotional backdrop associated with event
Context
Children need this to make sense of other people's behavior
theory of mind
Key factors that support student learning
Student Personal factors
School
Social-contextual factors
Arranging info & experiences into mental systems
Organization
Maturation, activity, social transmission, and the need for equilibrium
What are the main influences on cognitive development?
Basic building blocks of thinking- organized systems of actions or thought
What is a schema?
Adults & Modeling
What influences moral behavior?
Principles vs Theories
A principle is an established relationship between 2 or more factors.
A theory is an interrelated set of concepts that is used to explain a body of data & to make predictions
White matter of the brain where cells outnumber neurons and have many functions
Glial cells- fighting infections, controlling blood flow, neuron communication, provides myelin coating
Actions to representations to abstractions
Focusing on attention, memory capacity, learning strategies, and other processing skills.
Nio-Piagetian views explain changes in children's thinking over time
Signs & Symbol systems (Numbers, mathematical systems, language, codes, etc)
Changes thinking process by enabling & shaping thinking.
What are psychological tools & their importance?
Instrumental, Hostile, Relational, Overt, Cyber,
What are the different types of aggression?
Research Methods in Educational Psychology
Correlational methods- relation
Experimental & Quasi-Experimental studies- cause & effect
ABAB Experiment- identify effects of Intervention/treatment
Case Studies- few people in depth
Ethnography- their point of view
Mixed Methods- in-depth & research questions
Optical fibered used to transmit near-infrared light into the brain
Near-infrared optical (NIROT)
The place where children cant solve a problem alone but can under adult guidance
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete-Operational, Formal-Operational
What are Piaget's 4 stages of cognitive development?
Evolves through self-reflection, social interaction, and experiences in & out of school. Develops by comparing oneself to social & personal standards.
How does self-concept change as children develop?