Basic Copyright Understanding
What is the primary governing law for intellectual property in the Philippines?
Republic Act No. 8293
How long does copyright protection last for an original work authored by a single person in the Philippines?
Lifetime of the author plus 50 years
What is copyright infringement?
Copying a work without permission.
What is the purpose of a Collective Management Organization (CMO)?
To collectively manage the rights of copyright holders.
What is a copyright license?
A grant of permission to use a copyrighted work.
Copyright protection in the Philippines is primarily acquired by:
The sole fact of creating the work.
If a work is created jointly by two authors, when does the copyright expire?
50 years after the death of the last surviving author.
Is copying a small portion of a copyrighted work always considered infringement?
No, the doctrine of fair use may apply.
In the Philippines, what body accredits CMOs?
The Intellectual Property Office (IPO)
What is the difference between an exclusive and a non-exclusive license?
Exclusive grants only one user the right to use the work; non-exclusive allows multiple users.
Which of the following is NOT a type of work protected by copyright under Philippine law?
An idea for a novel and more.
What happens to copyright after the copyright term expires?
It enters the public domain.
Which of the following is a potential remedy for copyright infringement in the Philippines?
Imprisonment, Fines, Injunctions and many more.
How do CMOs typically collect royalties on behalf of their members?
By negotiating licenses and distributing the proceeds.
What is a copyright assignment?
A transfer of copyright ownership.
What are economic rights in copyright?
Rights related to the commercial exploitation of a work.
Can copyright be transferred? If so, how?
Yes, through assignment or licensing, usually in writing.
Explain the difference between copyright infringement and plagiarism.
Copyright infringement is a legal issue; plagiarism is an ethical one.
What are some potential advantages and disadvantages of using a CMO to manage copyright?
Advantages include streamlined licensing, but disadvantages include potential conflicts of interest or inefficient distribution.
Could a copyright holder assign only part of their rights in a work? Explain.
Yes, they can assign specific rights (e.g., film rights, translation rights) while retaining others.
A "derivative work" under Philippine copyright law could be:
A translation of a novel into another language.
What's the key difference between a copyright assignment and an exclusive license?
An assignment transfers ownership; a license grants usage rights without transferring ownership.
What constitutes "fair use" under Philippine copyright law? What factors are considered?
The purpose and character of the use, nature of the work, amount and substantiality used, and effect on the market for the work.
Can a copyright holder choose NOT to use a CMO to manage their rights?
Yes, they can manage their rights independently.
What are the necessary elements for a valid copyright assignment in the Philippines?
Usually requires a written agreement indicating an intention to transfer rights.