States what a student will know or be able to do by the end of a lesson
What are learning outcomes/objectives?
the students are asked to take the material that they have learned and design or produce a unique answer to an unfamiliar problem
What is creating?
Believes that instruction should be tailored to meet individuals' needs.
Who is Carol Ann Tomlinson?
Zone of proximal development, working with others, more knowledgeable other.
Who is Lev Vygotsky?
A three-stage approach that identifies the desired result first and then “works backward” to determine assessment criteria before developing instruction to achieve the desired results.
Backwards Design
An evaluation is used during instruction to monitor students’ learning and adjust teaching.
What is Formative Assessment?
The portion of the lesson during which you engage the students learning of the topic.
What is the lead in or hook?
students are being asked to go beyond just memorizing the facts and use these facts in a new environment
What is applying?
Giving the students varying material in which they apply the same process.
Example: When learning about "setting", students are given different books to read.
What is differentiating by content?
The theorist who argued that culturally responsive instruction is about teaching children “habits of mind and helping them to build cognitive processes and structures so that as they move through school they are able to do complex thinking and independent learning.”
Who is Zaretta Hammond?
Created to establish high and rigorous standards for what effective teachers should know and be able to do. They help new teachers by addressing what is required in various categories.
What are the INTASC standards?
An assessment that judges students’ overall mastery of the intended outcomes at the end of a unit or period of time.
What is Summative Assessment?
Explains where the lesson fits into the larger circular unit.
What is situating the lesson?
Students are being asked to simply recall, describe, define or recognize facts t
What is remembering?
Varying the way students arrive at the final product.
Example: When learning about writing a summary, some students are using a graphic organizer, some students are using sentence starters, and some are writing independently.
What is differentiating by process?
Stages of cognitive development. Each new task should begin with concrete activities then you can more to each new task.
Who is Piaget?
This theorist describes abolitionist teachers as people who are willing to put their reputation, home, and lives on the line for other people's children.
Who is Dr. Bettina Love?
Used before instruction to assess students’ prior knowledge and skills.
What is Preassessment?
The portion of the lesson that allows the teacher to see what the students have learned.
What is assessment?
The students are asked to make judgments and decisions based on a rubric that determines how good the response was
What is evaluating?
Readiness, Learning profile or Interest?
What are the various grouping strategies?
Laid the foundations for discovery learning. Differed from other theorists in that he believed that social factors, particularly language, impacted learning. This led to the concept of "scaffolding".
Who is Jerome Bruner ?
A popular notion about learning that has been debunked by educational psychologists. While people have preferences, there is little research to support that aligning instruction with these actually helps students learn.
What are learning styles?
Compares a students performance to a standard of mastery.
Criterion and Referenced Test
Identifies the content or skills students will master within a year or course
What is state and or content standards?
Students are taking the facts that have already memorized and elaborate, summarize or explain these facts
What is understanding?
Changing the content or level or rigor
Example: While some students are being asked to write multi-paragraph essays, others are being asked to draw a picture and write a sentence about it.
What is modification?
Theorist who believed that students' interests should guide the curriculum. Therefore, education should not just be teachers making students learn mindless facts that they would soon forget. He thought it should be a journey of experiences, building upon each other to create and understand new experiences.
Who is John Dewey?
an educator’s ability to recognize students’ cultural displays of learning and respond positively and constructively with teaching moves that use cultural knowledge as a scaffold to connect what the students know to new concepts and content in order to build learning capacity as well as cognitive processes.
What is culturally responsive instruction?
The type of test where a student's score is reported as a comparison to the scores of a large sample of students.
Norm-Referenced Test
A term that encompasses the knowledge, skills, and experiences acquired through historical and cultural interactions of an individual in their community and family life and culture through everyday living