Learning and Teaching
How did Ambrose define "learning?"
Learning is a process that leads to change, which occurs as a result of experience and increases the potential for improved performance and future learning.
What are four criteria that make up an effective set induction?
1. Getting the students interested in the subject to be taught (hook).
2. Make sure the activating strategy is related to the content of the lesson.
3. Make sure that students understand the information.
4. Relate to the students' lives or a previous lesson (link)
What is the definition of modeling according to Coleman (2020)?
Modeling is "a teaching strategy where a teacher explicitly shows the students how to complete an activity or assignment before the students begin," (Coleman, 2020).
Any sentence which has an interrogative form or function is called what?
A question.
Information provided to students that causes an improvement in learning, as a result, is known as what?
Feedback
What are three components of Ambrose's definition of "learning?"
1. Learning is a process, not a product
2. Learning involves a change in knowledge, beliefs, behaviors, or attitudes
3. Learning is not something done to students, but rather something students themselves do
What is an attention signal?
An attention signal is the strategy you use when you want the whole class' attention all at once.
What are the four types of modeling?
1. Task and performance
2. Metacognitive
3. Scaffolding Method
4. Student Centered
What are two types of questions?
Convergent and Divergent Questions
This type of feedback acknowledges performance but conveys no specific information on performance.
General feedback
What are the three parts of the teaching process?
Plan, implement, and evaluate.
What is a hook?
The hook is a short and engaging introduction to try and get your students excited about the material.
What is instructional scaffolding?
Instructional scaffolding is a term that is used to describe instructional techniques used to assist a learner as they go through the learning process.
What are the three types of questions used in the classroom?
Focusing, prompting, and probing questions.
What are the three different targets of feedback?
The three different targets of feedback are individual, group, and class.
What is a "learning environment?"
A learning environment is a place where learners and teachers interact with each other that is safe, where learners feel comfortable, a place of encouragement, and a place that is conducive to learning.
What are the six main types of hooks?
1. A story
2. An analogy
3. A prop
4. Media
5. Status (elevate the status of a lesson, make it great)
6. A challenge
What are the two main types of scaffolding?
The two main types of scaffolding are verbal and procedural.
Should teachers incorporate wait time into a question? Why or why not?
Yes, research has shown that when a teacher waits three or more seconds after posing a question, there are improvements in student achievement, student retention, increase in higher cognitive responses, and length in student responses.
Information of performance or results that directly related to what the learners have been asked to focus on is what type of feedback?
Congruent
What are some positive learning environment elements?
1. Welcoming and inviting
2. Positive dialogue and communication
3. Positive relationships
4Supportive learning cultures
What are the parts of an anticipatory set?
Attention signal, hook/link, pacing, transitions, and closure.
What are some examples of graphic organizers?
Some examples of graphic organizers include KWL charts, flow charts, Venn diagrams, fact and opinion, and cluster/word webbs.
What are some things to consider when asking questions?
Some things to consider when asking questions are: questions should be asked before, during, and after a lesson; ask in a logical and sequential manner; ask first, then select the student; randomly select students; call on a wide number of students; and be unpredictable (avoid patterns).
Information that may be important, but not specifically related to the task focus is what type of feedback?
Incongruent