Research in Education
The study of development, learning, motivation, teaching, and assessments in and out of schools.
Educational psychology
Piaget's developmental stage where logical thinking is restricted to one's physical reality.
Concrete Operational (6-11 years)
This operant principle is the most effective in the short term
Punishment! (most effective short term, but doesn't teach new skills; raises ethical concerns).
The most formal type of restorative practice is considered to be a....
Restorative conference
15% of the student population is an ideal percentage for which Tier?
Tier 2
How do we close the research-to-practice gap?
By becoming scientifically literate, informed consumers of research that think critically about evidence.
The area between the child’s current performance and the level of performance the child could achieve with the help of an adult or a “more fully developed child”
What are the Big 5 skill areas that contribute to literacy (according to the National Reading Panel)?
Phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, reading comprehension.
When students mediate conflict between two or more individuals, this is called
Peer mediation
What are the two cornerstones of Social MTSS?
Data-based decision-making & evidence-based practices.
The type of research design used by narrative reviews and expert opinions.
No design!
Preoperational Stage (3-7 years)
The visual system where images can be mentally manipulated.
Visuospatial sketchpad
True or False: Active shooter trainings are considered to be effective for school gun violence.
FALSE. Active shooter trainings are ineffective and inflict trauma. (Gun violence requires a multifaceted solution - including evacuation plans, community engagement, access to mental health services)
Community-building restorative circles align with which Tier?
Tier 1 !
A research design that provides the strongest evidence for causal claims.
Meta-analysis
Example: Mom gets a raise at work.Which system is this in Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological model of development?
Exosystem
Involves links between a social setting in which the individual does not have an active role in, and the individual’s immediate context
(A child’s experience at home may be affected by their parents’ experiences at work)
Which of the 13 disability categories do students most often qualify for?
Specific Learning Disability (SLD)
A student is returning to school after recently being incarcerated. What is the most appropriate response for a school implementing restorative justice?
Restorative conference.
A counselor is using cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) for an individual student referred to her for depression. Which Tier is this considered to be in?
Tier 3 (Social MTSS - individualized support)
A research design that rigorously evaluates the effect of an intervention for a single unit of analysis.
Single Case design! (SCD)
Within Bronfenbrenner's model, the system where institutions and groups most immediately impact the child’s development
Microsystem
What is the capacity of working memory?
7 (plus or minus 2) bits of information
True or False: Restorative justice practices are considered to be preventative, rather than responsive.
False. They are both preventative & responsive.
MTSS for academics is called....
Response to Instruction (RTI)