Theories & Historical Context
Which sociological theory says education reflects power and often reproduces inequality?
Conflict theory
Which social factor can affect a student’s educational opportunities — income, health, or both?
Both
Which sociological perspective focuses on how teacher expectations and labeling influence student identity?
Symbolic Interactionism
What type of testing can reinforce inequality instead of reducing it?
Standardized testing
Which theory focuses on how education maintains social stability and shared values?
Functionalism
What recent Alberta controversy questioned who decides what students learn?
What is the difference between manifest and latent functions of schooling?
Manifest = intended outcomes (skills, knowledge); Latent = unintended social outcomes (networks, socialization).
What can teachers do to challenge inequality in the classroom?
Promote inclusive and equitable teaching practices
Why has education never been considered neutral?
Because it reflects the values and power of dominant social groups.
What is the term for the unspoken lessons and expectations taught in schools?
Hidden curriculum