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It is a mental processes involved in gaining knowledge and comprehension. These processes include thinking, knowing, remembering, judging, and problem-solving. What is it called?
Cognitive Factor
This Monitors the relative effectiveness and success of any specific technique they use and then self-regulate to redirect their strategy as needed. This ability to be self-aware and reflective is at the heart of metacognition and the self-regulatory processes that allow learners to become progressively more effective at learning. What is it called?
Metacognitive Factor
What is the name of the American developmental psychologist in 1976 that labelled Metacognition?
John H. Flavell, He said that metacognition is the knowledge you have of your own cognitive processes (your thinking). It is your ability to control your thinking processes through various strategies, such as organizing, monitoring, and adapting.
The term comes from the root word meta, meaning "beyond". this is also higher level of cognition and
cognition about cognition", "thinking about thinking", "knowing about knowing", becoming "aware of one's awareness" and higher-order thinking skills, “knowledge of cognition” knowing what we know” and “what we don’t know” what is it called?
Metacognition
Take note:
What are the different forms of metacognition?
(1) knowledge about cognition
- being aware of one’s own learning and memory capabilities and of what
learning task can be accomplished
(2) regulation of cognition
- learning which learning strategies are effective and which are not
- knowledge about when and how to use (control) particular strategies
for learning or for problem-solving
What are the components of metacognitive knowledge?
- Declarative Knowledge: Knowledge about
things. Knowledge about one’s own abilities
Knowledge about factors affecting one's performance.
- Procedural Knowledge: Knowledge on how to
do things. Knowledge on how to execute skills.
- Conditional Knowledge: Knowledge on when and why to apply cognitive acts. Knowledge on when a strategy is appropriate.
What are the basic metacognitive strategies are?
- Connecting new information to former knowledge.
- selecting thinking strategies deliberately.
- planning, monitoring, evaluating thinking processes.
- a thinking person is in charge of her behavior.
What are the Strategies for Developing Metacognitive Behavior?
1. Identifying what you know and what you do not know.
2. Talking about thinking
3. Keeping a thinking journal
4. Planning and self-regulation
5. Debriefing/examining the thinking process
6. Self-evaluation
What are the Cognitive & Metacognitive Factor Principles?
Principle 1. Nature of the Learning Process The learning of complicated subject matter is most effective when it is an intentional process of constructing meaning from information and experience
Principle 2. Goal of the Learning Process The successful learner, over time and with Support and instructional guidance, can create Meaningful, coherent representation of knowledge.
Principle 3. Construction of Knowledge The successful learner can link new information with existing knowledge in meaningful ways.
Principle 4. Strategic Thinking The successful learner can create and use a Repertoire of thinking and reasoning strategies to Achieve complex learning goals.
Principle 5. Thinking about thinking Higher-order strategies for selecting and monitoring mental operations facilititate creative and critical thinking.
Principle 6. Context of Learning Learning is influenced by environmental Factors, including culture, technology, and Instructional practices.
What are the strategies for teachers according to Jane Sutton?
- Model the thought process while teaching the subject matter.
- Verbalize what are you as a teacher is thinking while you are explaining the ideas to the students.
- say it out loud to model what the students should be doing to think about a problem.
- teachers should help students to connect the new information to what the students already know of
- before a class, a teacher can briefly describe what will be taught
- at the end of the class, students can write down 3 things that they learned (collected by the teacher) and teacher writes on board on she/he felt the 3 things the students should have learned
- before a student does homework teacher should explain what should be learn from the assignment
- after homework is completed, the teacher ask students how would they do on an assessment dealing with the homework
- teacher should provide students with tools or tricks to help them learn when teaching lessons
- (SELF REGULATION) teacher then must facilitate the following to encourage the students to be self regulated:
* time required to complete the task
* plan study time
* organize materials
* what strategies will be used by the student
- teacher needs to help monitor progress and then help the students reflect on their assignment (what is working, change strategies if needed and self test on what is being learned)
On Motivational & Affective Factors, what principle does this fall under to?: The learner’s creativity, higher-order thinking, and natural curiosity all contribute to motivation to learn. Relevant to personal interests, and providing for personal choice and control.
Principle 8. Intrinsic Motivation to Learn
On Motivational & Affective Factors, what principle does this fall under to?: The acquisition of knowledge and skills demands a great deal of effort, time, and energy.
Principle 9. Effects of Motivation on Effort
On Developmental & Social Factors what principle does this fall under to?: Learning is influenced by :
• social interactions
• Interpersonal relations
• communication with others
Principle 11. Social Influences on Learning
On Developmental & Social Factors what principle does this fall under to?: As individuals develop, there are different opportunities and constraints for learning.
Principle 10. Developmental Influence on Learning
On individual Differences Factors what principle does this fall under to?: Learning is most effective when differences in learners’ linguistic, cultural, and social backgrounds are taken into account.
Principle 13. Learning and Diversity
On individual Differences Factors what principle does this fall under to?: Learners have different strategies, approaches and capabilities for learning that are a function of prior experience and heredity.
Principle 12. Developmental Influence on Learning
On individual Differences Factors what principle does this fall under to?: Setting appropriately high and challenging standards and assessing the learner as well as the learning progress – including diagnostic, process, and outcome assessment – are integral parts of the learning process.
Principle 14. Standards and Assessment
this is prior learning, which holistic assessment does it fall under to?
Pre-assessment (DIAGNOSTIC)
this is learning as process, which holistic assessment does it fall under to?
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT (DEVELOPMENTAL)
this is learning as outcome, which holistic assessment does it fall under to?
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT (EVALUATIVE)