1st PH Republic
The primary medium of instruction during the First Philippine Republic.
What is Spanish?
The specialized "army" of educators who arrived in the transport ship Thomas.
What are the Thomasites?
The language used as the medium of instruction that is important for the imperial mission.
What is English?
The two strategies for American takeover and Militarized Pacification which used brutal military force and alliance with "friendly datus."
What is suppression and accommodation?
Itinatag ni Pangulong Emilio Aguinaldo ang unibersidad na ito noong October 19, 1898, bilang unang state university ng bansa at unang educational act ng revolutionary government.
What is Universidad Literaria de Filipinas?
The general who advocated for large school appropriations "exclusively as an adjunct to military operations."
Who is General Douglas MacArthur?
The broader cultural process described by Constantino where Filipinos adopted American values.
What is Americanization?
The portrayal of the Philippines to convince Filipinos that industrialization was unnecessary and that their destiny was to remain a source of raw materials.
What is an idealized agricultural paradise?
Kahit nakasaad sa Malolos Constitution na dapat libre at obligatory ang public education, hindi ito naisagawa dahil sa malaking hadlang na ito.
What are Resource Constraints?
The proclamation by President McKinley declaring Americans not as conquerors, but as benevolent saviors.
What is Benevolent Assimilation?
This group was considered the elites who perpetuated American influence by supporting the American education model.
Who are the hacienderos?
The concept wherein true nationalists were rebranded as criminals, while the teachings of revolutionary heroes were sanitized.
What is De-Filipinization?
The orientation which broke away from Spanish colonial education and adopted a rational, nationalist education free from religious control.
What is Secular Orientation?
The campaign by Americans to secure its new Philippine colony in which education played a central role.
What is the pacification campaign?
This body entrusted teachers to dictate their own curriculum.
What is the Philippine Commission?
This existed even before colonization as traditional, community-based educational institutions that taught Qur’an, Hadith, and Islamic Law.
What are Panditas?
Ayon kay Constantino, ang paggamit ng dayuhang wika bilang medium of instruction ang ugat ng konseptong ito, habang si Canieso-Doronila naman ay nagpunto na natiyak nito na hindi na-incorporate ang tradisyonal na kaalaman ng mga Pilipino sa pormal na edukasyon.
What is Miseducation?
The three simultaneous wars experienced in the Philippines as it transitioned from the 1st Philippine Republic to the American Colonial Period in 1898.
What is the Philippine Revolution, the Spanish American War, and the Filipino-American War?
The American's way to continue controlling the Philippines, given its "military problem" and "native unrest."
What is mass public education?
This considered Islamic instruction in public schools “detrimental to good government.”
What is De-Islamization?