Edward Jenner's Life
What year was he born?
1749
What were the visible symptoms of smallpox?
Pustules, rashes, and scarring
What material did Jenner use in the first smallpox vaccination?
Pus from a cowpox sore
What is the term for deliberately exposing someone to a disease to build immunity, before vaccination existed?
Inoculation (or variolation)
What is the term for a treatment that strengthens the body’s immune system to fight disease?
Immunisation
What was his profession?
Physician or doctor
How was smallpox mainly transmitted?
Through airborne droplets (coughing and sneezing) or direct contact
Who was the first person to receive Jenner’s experimental smallpox vaccine?
James Phipps, an 8-year-old boy
Which country pioneered inoculation before it spread to Europe?
China
What scientific practice did Edward Jenner's discovery contribute to?
The development of vaccines or the field of immunology.
What town was he born in?
Berkeley, Gloucestershire
What percentage of people died from smallpox?
About 30%
What year did Jenner perform his first vaccination?
1796.
Which U.S. president was famously inoculated against smallpox while in office, helping promote the practice in the young nation?
Thomas Jefferson
Who is considered the “father of germ theory” and built on Jenner’s work?
Louis Pasteur
Who inspired his interest in vaccination?
John Fewster
What ancient civilisation documented early cases of smallpox?
The Egyptians.
What animal was key to the development of the smallpox vaccine?
The cow (cowpox virus)
What was the global organization that helped eradicate smallpox?
The World Health Organization (WHO).
Which vaccine, developed in the 1950s, helped combat a virus that caused paralysis?
The polio vaccine.
What society did he become a member of in 1789?
The royal society
Which monarch died of smallpox, causing a large public outcry?
Queen Mary II of England
What was the Latin name for the cowpox virus, which Jenner used to create the term "vaccination"?
Variolae vaccinae or just vaccinia.
What year was smallpox officially eradicated?
1980
Which medical innovation, discovered in the 1920s, has saved countless lives by treating bacterial infections?
Penicillin (antibiotics)