continental drift
Who first proposed the theory of continental drift?
Alfred Wegener
What is the name of the instrument used to detect and record earthquakes?
Seismograph
What type of rock forms directly from the cooling and hardening of magma or lava?
Igneous
what is it called when sediments are carried away by wind/water.
abrasion.
What is the name of the ancient supercontinent where all landmasses were joined together?
Pangea
Which type of seismic wave travels the fastest and arrives at a recording station first?
P-waves
Which process turns loose sediment like sand and mud into solid sedimentary rock?
Compaction and cementation(lithification)
what is it called when rock heats up and expands when cools shrinks and breaks
thermal expansion
What piece of evidence did Wegener use to support his theory?
Identical fossils found oceans apart
What is the exact underground point where an earthquake begins called?
Focus(hypocenter)
What two main environmental factors are required to change an existing rock into a metamorphic rock?
Heat and pressure
what is it called when rock materials react with ocygen
oxidation
Why did most scientists initially reject the theory of continental drift?
Wegener could not explain how he continents moved
How many seismograph stations are needed to locate the exact epicenter of an earthquake?
3
a metamorphic rock undergoes intense heat and melts completely, what does it become before it can solidify into an igneous rock?
Magma(molten rock)
name 1/3 factors that effect the rate of weathering
rock material,climate,surface area
What discovery in the 1960s finally provided the mechanism that explained how continental drift works?
Sea floor spreading
Why can S-waves travel through the Earth's mantle but not through the outer core?
S-waves cannot travel through liquids
How can an igneous rock bypass the sedimentary stage and transform directly into a metamorphic rock?
By being subjected to intense heat and pressure
name ALL the agents of erosion
wind,water,ice,gravity