Properties of Water
This property allows water to climb up the stem of a plant.
Capillary Action
The type of breeze that moves from sea to land during the day.
Sea breeze
What is the name of an air mass that forms over warm ocean water?
Maritime tropical air mass
These two main gases naturally trap heat in Earth’s atmosphere.
carbon dioxide and methane
What surfaces absorb the most heat?
Dark surfaces
Describe the difference between adhesion and cohesion.
Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same substance, while adhesion is the attraction between molecules of different substances.
What is the the main reason coastal cities have milder temperatures than inland ones.
Ocean’s high specific heat or water’s ability to store heat
When cold air pushes under warm air, the warm air _________.
rises
Without greenhouse gases, what would happen to the Earth?
It would be much colder
The process that explains why warm air rises and cold air sinks.
Convection
What is the property that lets insects “walk” on water?
Surface tension
The direction cold ocean currents generally flow (on Earth/a map)
Towards the equator
A continental polar air mass brings this kind of weather. (_______ and _______)
Cold and dry
What is the difference between negative and positive feedback loops in weather?
A negative feedback loop reduces or balances changes in weather or climate, helping maintain stability (e.g., more clouds reflecting sunlight cool the Earth). A positive feedback loop amplifies changes, making them stronger (e.g., warming melts ice, reducing reflection, which causes more warming).
Why are warm water currents always found near the surface in the ocean?
Warm water is less dense than cold water.
Water’s ability to absorb large amounts of heat without changing temperature quickly.
high specific heat/high heat capacity
Ocean currents help regulate global temperatures by doing this.
Moving/distributing heat around the planet
What is the factor most responsible for moving heat energy around Earth?
Ocean currents
When warming oceans release more CO₂ and cause further warming it is a __________________ feedback loop.
positive
Of the following, which surface condition on Earth results in consistently higher surface temperatures?
Ice and snow; Forested areas; Urban areas; Bodies of water
Urban areas
This energy source drives the entire water cycle.
The Sun
When warm, moist air rises and cools, this weather feature forms.
Clouds/Precipitation
What layer of the atmosphere that contains most of Earth’s weather?
Troposphere
What are the molecular names for the greenhouse gases we learned about?
If carbon dioxide levels suddenly dropped to the same levels as 80 years ago, what would happen to Earth?
Global temperatures would decrease