Social Development
Factors that affect self-esteem:
pubertal timing
parents’ child-rearing style
larger social environment
what is cyber bullying?
use of information and communication technologies to support deliberate, repeated, and hostile behavior by an individual or group, that is intended to hurt others
what are health risks for obese children?
Blood pressure, cholesterol
Respiratory problems
Diabetes
Liver, gall bladder
Cancer
Sleep apnea
Bone problems
what type of parenting promotes academic achievement?
authoritative parenting
what is Malocclusion?
upper and lower jaws don’t meet properly
What is the term meaning- exploring without reaching commitment
identity moratorium
what are effects of bullying?
physical, emotional, social, future, academic
Causes of obesity in middle childhood include:
Overweight parents, genetics
Early rapid growth or malnutrition
Low SES
Family eating habits
Response to food cues
Low physical activity
Television/screen time
Family stress
Factors associated with better adjustment to school include...
parental involvement, monitoring, gradual autonomy granting, emphasis on mastery vs. grades
define secular trend:
Changes in body size from one generation to the next
Define identity achievement:
Committed to values, beliefs, and goals following exploration
What 3 people are involved in bullying?
Bystander, Bully, Victim
Common health problems in children?
Nutrition
Overweight and obesity
Vision and hearing
Bedwetting
Illnesses
Unintentional injuries
factors influencing vocational choice?
personality, family, teachers, gender stereotypes
what is the common factor in secular trends in body growth?
health and nutrition
What is acculturative stress?
Psychological distress resulting from conflict between minority and host culture
Bullying can be.... ( 6 possible ways)
verbal, physical, visual, social, cyber, gender/sexual
what are psychological factors of obesity?
Feeling unattractive
Stereotyping and teasing/bullying
Depression
Problem behaviors
Early puberty and sexual problems
Increased school absenteeism
Sometimes grades decline with each transition as a result of...
higher academic standards.
less supportive teaching–learning environment.
what part of the body grows fastest?
lower portion (long-legged)
What are possible influences on moral reasoning?
personality, child-rearing practices, schooling, peer interaction, culture
what is relational aggression?
creates a "network of negativity" around the target/victim
How can iron deficiency affect your mood?
Iron deficiency can cause anemia which can make you tired and irritable.
define pragmatics
Improved capacity to adapt your language to social context
peaks in middle childhood and then declines as as result of synaptic pruning - executive functioning, information processing, working memory, sustained attention, etc.... what is this?
gray matter