Artifacts
A statue of a creature with a cat's body and a person's head. Connections to Khufu, Khafre, sun temples, and Horus (?)
What is the Sphinx?
Warfare, unification of Egypt, Chaos
What are early Pharaonic art themes?
Began in Dynasty 0. Supreme god is Horus. Considered a living god in the Old Kingdom. White crown of Upper Egypt, red crown of Lower Egypt, double crown of both
What is a king/pharaoh?
Truth vs. false, "belief," spells and wands, often viziers
What is magic, science, medicine, and religion?
A violent weapon depicting a nonviolent scene of King Scorpion from Dynasty 0 wearing the white crown of Upper Egypt. Hanging vultures may represent conquering the nomes
What is the Scorpion Macehead?
1) Agriculture, 2) irrigation, 3) population growth, 4) trade, 5) ecosystems, and 6) circumscription
What are the six Egyptian theories of statehood?
2nd only to the king, could serve multiple kings/dynasties, multiple jobs (doctor, architect, tax collector), female viziers not recorded
What is a vizier?
1) Goddess and personification of order/chaos, 2) god of kingship and the sun, 3) god of the underworld who was killed by his brother Seth and resurrected by his wife Isis
Who are 1) Maat, 2) Horus, 3) Osiris
A double-sided palette depicting King Narmer killing a war captive, trampling on others, the decapitation of captives, and two animals intertwining their necks representing the union of Upper and Lower Egypt (?)
What is the Narmer Palette?
"Mini Stonehenge"; connection to sun/seasons/agriculture
What is Nabta Playa?
He wrote the Aegyptica in the 3rd c. BCE
Who is Manetho?
Two of the most fundamental geographical components of Egypt
What is the Nile (river) and Fayum (oasis)?
An autobiographical plaque from Weni's tomb in Abydos that provides information on 5th-6th Dynasty politics and military
What is the Plaque of Weni/Uni?
A pyramid constructed to imitate mudbrick in the 27th c. BCE
What is the Step Pyramid of Djoser?
Who was Sir William Flinders Petrie?
Site/culture important in Predynastic Egypt for pottery, beer production, nucleation, contact with Mesopotamia, and natural preservation/pre-mummification
A stela composed in the Ptolemaic Dynasty about a 7-year drought in the Third Dynasty
What is the Famina Stela?
The first "true" pyramid build under Sneferu
What is the Red Pyramid at Dashur?
The man who deciphered hieroglyphics via the Rosetta Stone by knowing Greek, realizing the second register was Demotic (mix of Greek and Hieroglyphics), and thus realizing the three registers were of the same text
Who is Jean François Champollion?
Terms for 1) inundation, 2) Black Land, and 3) Red Land
What is 1) akhet, 2) kemet, and 3) deshret?