FOUNDATIONS OF GOVERNMENT
This principle means EVERYONE, even government leaders must obey the law rather than act above it.
RULE OF LAW
The title Leviathan refers to this enormous biblical sea creature symbolizing overwhelming government power.
Ancient Athens is the most famous example of this system, where citizens voted directly on laws instead of electing representatives.
DIRECT DEMOCRACY
These courts question witnesses directly, examine physical evidence, and are responsible for reaching verdicts in cases.
TRIAL COURTS
This type of media is often used during elections to influence public opinion or voters' emotions.
POLITICAL PROPOGANDA
According to Thomas Hobbes, without strong authority, society would fall into this violent condition, often described as chaos and disorder.
The giant sword and crosier held by the ruler on the cover of Leviathan symbolize these two forms of authority.
STRONG POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS AUTHORITY
This government is controlled by a small group of powerful people, often wealthy families, military leaders, or nobles.
OLIGARCHY
This term describes the beliefs and methods a judge uses to interpret the Constitution, often influencing decisions on rights, laws, and government power.
JUDICIAL PHILOSOPHY
A Supreme Court case may begin with the actions of one ordinary citizen, but its decision can change the rights and freedoms of millions of Americans for generations. Explain how this demonstrates the true power of the Supreme Court of the United States.
(SIMPLY) ONE CASE CAN CHANGE LAWS FOR MILLIONS
The Founding Fathers created this system so no single branch of government could become too powerful.
CHECKS AND BALANCES
Hobbes believed life without government would be “solitary, poor, nasty, short" and this.
BRUTISH
This government is usually ruled by one person who takes power by force and allows little or no opposition.
DICTATORSHIP
This protects your freedom to speak your opinion, while voting and staying informed are examples of this civic expectation.
RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Explain why Supreme Court justices serve for life terms
Supreme Court of the United States justices serve for life so they can make fair decisions without worrying about elections, losing their job, or pressure from politicians. This helps them focus on following the Constitution and laws instead of making popular decisions just to keep power.
This phrase describes the idea that government receives its power only from the approval of the people.
CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED
This agreement between citizens and government was central to Hobbes’s political philosophy.
SOCIAL CONTRACT
In this type of government, people elect representatives, and the U.S. is an example of one.
REPUBLIC
Citizens have the right to vote, but they also have the responsibility to do this before Election Day.
REGISTER TO VOTE
LEARN ABOUT ELECTION
FAMILIARIZAR YOURSELF WITH CANDIDATES
STAY INFORMED
RESPECT OTHERS OPINIONS
Describe how the Constitution guided the Supreme Court’s decision in one case you studied this year.
....
Describe
1. CONSULS
2. ASSEMBLIES
3. TRIBUNES
4. SENATE
1. In the Roman Republic, these officials acted similarly to modern presidents by leading the government and military.
2. In the Roman Republic, ordinary male citizens participated in government through these voting groups.
3.These Roman officials protected plebeians by vetoing unfair actions from powerful leaders or senators.
4.This Roman governing body advised leaders and greatly influenced laws, later inspiring part of the United States Congress.
The ruler is made up of the people because his authority exists only because citizens agree to give it to him.
Once they give up that power, the ruler maintains strong control to keep order and prevent chaos.
Hobbes did not believe people should constantly challenge the government once the agreement was made.
In this type of government, leaders demand obedience and limit freedoms, but may not control every part of citizens’ lives.
AUTHORITARIAN GOVERNMENT
This Supreme Court power allows it to strike down laws that violate the Constitution.
JUDICIAL REVIEW
Explain how the Supreme Court is part of checks and balances in the U.S. government
The Supreme Court of the United States is part of checks and balances because it reviews laws and government actions to make sure they follow the Constitution. If a law or action is unconstitutional, the Court can strike it down, preventing any branch from becoming too powerful.