Figurative Language
"The road to success is a journey filled with obstacles."
Metaphor
(a comparison between two unlike things, stating that one thing is another)
One word to fill in the blank!
Statistics, research findings, examples, and expert opinions to lend credibility to the writer's claims function as ... in an academic writing. They support credibility of arguments.
evidence
The purpose of international commerce is to buy things from and sell things to people in other countries. Hundreds, and indeed thousands, of years ago, this actually work quite well. People who travelled to foreign lands, often by ship, would take with them items for trade.
work -> worked (past tense)
Riddle: It belongs to you, but your friends use it more. What is it?
Answer: Your name.
Riddle: If an electric train is traveling south, which way is the smoke going?
Answer: There’s no smoke as it’s an electric train.
"Her smile was as bright as the sun."
Simile
(A comparison between two unlike things, using "like" or "as" to make a comparison.)
Academic writing should avoid X.
X is the action of supporting or opposing a particular person or thing in an unfair way, because of allowing personal opinions to influence your judgment.
What is X?
Bias
In academic writing, mitigating bias is crucial to maintain objectivity and credibility, ensuring that research and arguments are based on evidence and reason rather than personal preferences or prejudices.
Today, fix a fair price remains at the centre of international commerce. When we look at the deal from the point of view of the seller, market research must determine the price at which the goods will be sold.
fix -> fixing (gerund)
Riddle: I have a tail and a head, but no body. What am I?
Answer: A coin.
Riddle: You’ll find me in Mercury, Earth, Mars and Jupiter, but not in Venus or Neptune. What am I?
Answer: The letter “R.”
"Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers."
Alliteration
(The repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words. )
These are examples of a nominalization.
“interference” not “interfere,”
“decision” not “decide,”
"outstanding beauty" not "very beautiful"
What is a nominalization?
Nominalizations are nouns that are created from adjectives (words that describe nouns) or verbs (action words).
Nominalization in academic writing allows for the condensation of complex ideas into succinct noun forms, enhancing clarity and precision.
But not everyone want to buy hand-made jewelry, or a machine for sticking labels onto bottles. This enables the producer to charge a price much higher than the cost of making the item, increasing the profit margin.
want -> wants (plural / singular form)
Riddle: The English alphabet goes from A to Z but my name goes from Z to A. What am I?
Answer: A Zebra.
Riddle: I make a loud sound when I’m changing. When I do change, I get bigger but weigh less. What am I?
Answer: Popcorn.
"The doctor's office, known for healing, was filled with sick patients."
Irony
(A contrast between what is expected and what actually happens)
Differentiate these sentences and analyze the functions.
I should like to note a number of things here VS
There are a number of things to note here.
The first one is MORE PERSONAL and the second one is IMPERSONAL.
An IMPERSONAL statement in academic writing is to maintain objectivity and convey information in a neutral manner, prioritizing the focus on the content rather than the author's perspective or biases.
With sustainability as their main aim, fair trade organisations not only help the poorer producers obtain a reasonable standard of living, but they help guarantee a constant supply of raw materials.
but they also (not only, they also pattern)
Riddle: Which word becomes shorter when you add 2 letters to it?
Answer: The word “short.”
Riddle: I’m orange, I wear a green hat and I sound like a parrot. What am I?
Answer: A carrot.
"The rain in Spain falls mainly on the plain."
Assonance
(The repetition of vowel sounds within words. )
It may be said that the commitment to some of the social and economic concepts was less strong than it is now.
The word "may be" functions as "hedging"
Other examples of hedging are modal adverbs like "possibly, perhaps" and certain lexical verbs like "believe, assume". What is hedging?
Hedging is the use of linguistic devices to express hesitation or uncertainty as well as to demonstrate politeness and indirectness. It is to enable the author to devise a politeness strategy where they are able to acknowledge that there may be flaws in their claims.
Fair trade principles advocate for equitable treatment of producers, sustainable practices, and fair compensate for their labor. This movement aims to create a more just and inclusive global economy, where all stakeholders, from producers to consumers, benefit fairly from trade relationships.
fair compensation (parallelism)
Riddle: There's a one-story house. Everything in the red house is red, the walls are red, the bathroom is red, the floor is red, the kitchen is red, all of the bedrooms are red. So, what color are the stairs?
Answer: There's no stairs, it's a one-story house.
Riddle: What starts with T, ends with T, and has T inside it?
Answer: A teapot.