Passage 1: Quicksand by Nella Larsen
Passage 2: Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man by James Weldon Johnson
Passage 1 and 2: Quicksand and The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man.
Passage 3: Blog post “Are We Causing Antibiotic Resistance by Trying to Prevent it?” (Part 1)
Passage 3: Blog post “Are We Causing Antibiotic Resistance by Trying to Prevent it?” (Part 2)
100
1a) In Paragraph 2, what does the phrase inherent aloneness suggest about Helga? A. She dislikes the company of others. B. She is uncomfortable interacting with others. C. She feels that other people are judging her. D. She is uncomfortable being alone.
B. She is uncomfortable interacting with others.
100
3a) What is the meaning of the word morbid as it is used in paragraph 1? A. informed B. reluctant C. unhealthy D. intrigued
C. unhealthy
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5a) What is similar about the journeys taken by the main character from Quicksand and the main character from The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man? A. The journey reflects inner turmoil. B. The journey offers an escape. C. The journey leads to self-discovery. D. The journey leads to a homecoming of sorts.
D. The journey leads to a homecoming of sorts.
100
7a) How is the word pathogens used in paragraph 4? A. to specify the bacteria that cause only minor infections B. to explain which bacteria are considered friendly gut flora C. to indicate any bacteria that can cause disease D. to describe which bacteria develop into high-level resistance mutations
C. to indicate any bacteria that can cause disease
100
9b) Which two pieces of evidence from the blog post support the answer to Part A? A. “In India, where Andrew Read studies infectious disease, resistance is so prevalent that standard malaria treatment includes not just the pills, but a boy who comes to your home each day to check that you’re taken your dose.” (paragraph 2) B. “But there is a good argument to be made that the public health message about antibiotics, which is consistent worldwide for many diseases and drugs, deserves a second look.” (paragraph 3) C. “If you’re the patient, with the newly-boosted resistance mutation, when the next mosquito bites you, she’s going to get a mouthful of resistant bugs, rather than the susceptible ones.” (paragraph 10) D. “Many guidelines still stand, like preventing transmission in the first place (think hand washing) and eliminating antibiotic use where it’s not necessary: viral infections, for example, and use in livestock.” (paragraph 10) E. “Evidence shows that many infections clear with less than typical course of antibiotics, which is good since the longer the course, the more chances bugs gt to develop resistance.” (paragraph 17) F. “Back to those pills in your hand: the evidence isn’t strong enough, yet, for anyone to feel comfortable telling your pharmacist to trash the sticker.” (paragraph 18)
B. “But there is a good argument to be made that the public health message about antibiotics, which is consistent worldwide for many diseases and drugs, deserves a second look.” (paragraph 3) and E. “Evidence shows that many infections clear with less than typical course of antibiotics, which is good since the longer the course, the more chances bugs to develop resistance.” (paragraph 17)
200
1b) Which quotation from the text best shows the narrator beyond her inherent aloneness? A. “No, she hadn’t belonged there. (paragraph 2) B. “She turned and with buoyant steps went down. (paragraph 3) C. “Everyone was kind in the delightful days which followed, and her first shyness under the politely curious glances of turquoise eyes of her fellow travelers soon slid from her.” (paragraph 4) D. “The old forgotten Danish of her childhood began to come, awkwardly at first, from her lips, under their agreeable tutelage.” (paragraph 4)
C. “Everyone was kind in the delightful days which followed, and her first shyness under the politely curious glances of turquoise eyes of her fellow travelers soon slid from her.” (paragraph 4)
200
3b) According to the passage, what is responsible for the narrator’s morbid state of mind? A. his distaste for New York harbor B. the burdensome company of his millionaire friend C. his connection to events surrounding a killing D. the passengers on the ship
C. his connection to events surrounding a killing
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5b) Which statement from the passage from The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man best reflects the answer to Part A? A. “I did not feel at ease until the ship was well out of New York harbor…”(paragraph 1) B. “…but I could not arouse myself to make the effort to go to the other side of the ship…” (paragraph 1) C. “ I even began to appreciate the ‘stuffy’ cars for their privacy.” (paragraph 2) D. “ Before we arrived in Paris there was awakened in my heart a love for France which continued to grow stronger…” (paragraph 2).
D. “ Before we arrived in Paris there was awakened in my heart a love for France which continued to grow stronger…” (paragraph 2).
200
7b) Which phrase from elsewhere in the blog post provides a clue to the answer to Part A? A. “…you can kill off those bugs if you use enough medicine…” (paragraph 5) B. “… find the magic combo of mutations…” (paragraph 5) C. “…have ever been exposed to drugs…” (paragraph 6) D. “…several infections where short courses are effective…” (paragraph 17)
A. “…you can kill off those bugs if you use enough medicine…” (paragraph 5)
200
10 a) What is the author’s purpose for including the explanation in paragraph 6? A. to illustrate that some resistance genes may occur naturally B. to show that antibiotics are needlessly prescribed for nonbacterial infections C. to highlight that gut bacteria can fight off infections just as well as antibiotics D. to emphasize that people have overcome infections for millions of years without antibiotics
A. to illustrate that some resistance genes may occur naturally
300
2a) How is the discussion of Dr. Anderson in paragraphs 5 and 6 important to the passage as a whole? A. It emphasizes the extent to which Helga was dissatisfied with life in America. B. It provides insight into Helga’s conflict about her feelings. C. It highlights the reasons Helga is eager to begin a new life in Denmark. D. It suggests the level of deception others have used when dealing with Helga.
B. It provides insight into Helga’s conflict about her feelings.
300
4a) In paragraph 1, the narrator describes the ship passing by an iceberg that “glistened like a mammoth diamond” What does this description reveal about the narrator’s state of mind at the time? A. It demonstrates how the spectacular setting distracts the narrator from what had previously occupied him. B. It implies a yearning for physical wealth and accomplishment, indicating that the narrator has neither. C. It highlights the narrator’s general inquisitiveness, exemplifying his tendency to observe all passing scenery during his voyage. D. It establishes the narrator’s estrangement from nature, forecasting his later preference for man-made, mechanical objects.
A. It demonstrates how the spectacular setting distracts the narrator from what had previously occupied him.
300
8a) Which statement sums up the main hypothesis in the first section of the blog post (paragraphs 1-7)? A. More antibiotic intervention is needed in some countries. B. People should follow the doctor’s orders when taking antibiotics C. The standards treatment of malaria in India is no longer effective. D. Treating illness with antibiotic is increasing the spread of resistance.
D. Treating illness with antibiotic is increasing the spread of resistance.
300
10b) Which piece of evidence from the blog post best supports the answer to Part A? A. “But what if a high-level resistance mutation is already present? (paragraph 5) B. “Researchers have found them in bacteria that have never been exposed to drugs, like in this 4-million-year-old-cave.” (paragraph 6) C. “(By the way, we’re not just talking antibiotics for bacteria; the same issues apply to antimicrobials that target fungi, or protists such as malaria, and even insecticides and cancer drugs.)” (paragraph 7) D. “We talk of ‘fighting disease’ as if it’s the patients vs. the germ, but there is a germ-on-germ battle too: the resistant microbes vs. others”. (paragraph 8)
B. “Researchers have found them in bacteria that have never been exposed to drugs, like in this 4-million-year-old-cave.” (paragraph 6)
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2b) What suggestion in paragraphs 5 and 6 provides context for understanding the answer to Part A? A. the suggestion that Dr. Anderson is not of the same race as Helga B. the suggestion that Dr. Anderson was more irritated by Helga’s behavior than Helga herself C. the suggestion that Helga fled form Naxos to get away from Dr. Anderson D. the suggestion that Helga does in fact have a strong attraction to Dr. Anderson
D. the suggestion that Helga does in fact have a strong attraction to Dr. Anderson
400
4b) Select the sentence from paragraph 1 that best supports the answer to Part A. A. “This morbid state of mind, together with seasickness, kept me miserable for three or four days.” B. “At the end of that time my spirits began to revive, and I took an interest in the ship, my fellow passengers, and the voyage in general.” C. “On the second or third day out we passed several spouting whales; but I could not arouse myself to make the effort to go to the other side of the ship to see them.” D. “I looked for the bear, but if he was there he refused to put himself on exhibition.”
D. “I looked for the bear, but if he was there he refused to put himself on exhibition.”
400
8b) Which two pieces of evidence from the blog post support the answer to Part A? A. “To be clear, nobody is saying patients should decide their own dose.” (paragraph 3) B. “The answer is yes, at least sometimes.” (paragraph 5) C. “In dosing with an antibiotic, you tip the scales towards the resistant ones, so they can outcompete their antibiotic-sensitive peers.” (paragraph 8) D. “Read’s team showed, with a mouse model of malaria, that the susceptible strains win out over the resistant strains in the absence of antibiotics; after treatment, though, the resistant ones bounce back faster and in greater numbers.” (paragraph 9) E. “This isn’t just a problem for the individual with the infection; it affects transmission rates.” (paragraph 10) F. “Then there’s that huge reservoir of (hopefully) susceptible bacteria that you can’t totally kill off, and don’t want to: your normal flora. (paragraph 11)
C. “In dosing with an antibiotic, you tip the scales towards the resistant ones, so they can outcompete their antibiotic-sensitive peers.” (paragraph 8) and D. “Read’s team showed, with a mouse model of malaria, that the susceptible strains win out over the resistant strains in the absence of antibiotics; after treatment, though, the resistant ones bounce back faster and in greater numbers.” (paragraph 9)
400
11a) What set of conclusions does the author discuss in paragraphs 17 and 18? A. Doctors prefer to treat all infections in the same way to be safe, even though that is not always the best course of action. B. Doctors need to find new ways to communicate with patients about drug use an infections to ensure that patients follow prescribed treatment plans. C. Certain infections may require different courses of antibiotic treatment that may be altered over time. D. Very common infections have triggered resistance bacteria that cannot be treated effectively with any antibiotic regimen.
C. Certain infections may require different courses of antibiotic treatment that may be altered over time.
500
Read these sentences from paragraph 1 and 2. "Pop quiz: If you want to be a good citizen and prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance, how many of those pills should you take? The sticker on the bottle is clear: all of them. " Why does the author include these sentences in the blog post? A. to establish a tone that indicates the seriousness of the issue B. to question people’s ability to treat their own infections C. to describe a common practice that is being called into question D. to introduce a scientist’s research hypothesis
C. to describe a common practice that is being called into question
500
11b) Which two pieces of evidence from paragraphs 16-19 best support the answer to Part A? A. “(The immune system seems to be equally effective against antibiotic-resistant and sensitive bugs.)” (paragraph 16) B. “He concludes that symptoms should guide the length of treatment, except for particular diseases where symptoms don’t reflect the true pathogen load.” (paragraph 17( C. “... Louis B. Rice argues that long courses of antibiotics benefit the physician’s peace of mind more than the patient or public health.” (paragraph 17) D. “This means that different drugs would have different dosing regimens, subject to change.” (paragraph 18) E. “If that’s the case, public health officials will need to consider the spread of information as well as the spread of resistance genes.” (paragraph 18) F. “Do you think we could realistically change the public health messages about antibiotics?” (paragraphs 19)
B. “He concludes that symptoms should guide the length of treatment, except for particular diseases where symptoms don’t reflect the true pathogen load.” (paragraph 17) and D. “This means that different drugs would have different dosing regimens, subject to change.” (paragraph 18)
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