Figurative Language
Her smile was as bright as the sun
Simile
This structure explains how one event makes another event happen . It answers the question "Why did this happen?"
cause and effect
A lesson the author wants the reader to learn. ie. Don't judge a book by it's cover
Theme
The overall feeling or atmosphere that a literary work creates for the reader. It is the emotional effect of the setting, descriptions, and tone.
Mood
the main events of a short story
plot
he test was a mountain I had to climb
metaphor
The text describes how two or more things are alike and how they are different.
Compare and Contrast
The theme of the story: The Crow and the Pitcher A CROW perishing with thirst saw a pitcher, and hoping to find water, flew to it with delight. When he reached it, he discovered to his grief that it contained so little water that he could not possibly get at it. He tried everything he could think of to reach the water, but all his efforts were in vain. At last he collected as many stones as he could carry and dropped them one by one with his beak into the pitcher, until he brought the water within his reach and thus saved his life.
What is If at first you don't succeed, try and try again. or Don't give up.
The author's or speaker's attitude toward the subject or the audience. It is conveyed through word choice and style.
Tone
the most intense or exciting high point of a short story
climax
The wind whispered secrets through the trees
personification
Used around textual evidence to show that it's the author's words and not yours.
quotation marks
Sam complained about having to walk to school until he saw his new neighbor, Kai, expertly navigating the sidewalks in his wheelchair. Sam realized his walk was something he was lucky to be able to do.
What is the theme?
Appreciate what you have, because others may be less fortunate. / Gratitude.
The use of a concrete object, person, place, or event to represent a larger deeper idea or meaning.
Symbolism
Using prior knowledge and what you read to determine what is happening
inference
I've told you a million times to clean your room
hyperbole
Using a mixture of the author's words and your own to prove an answer
paraphrasing/ quoting
An old gardener gave a young couple a tiny, wilted sapling. Disappointed, they almost threw it away but decided to plant it anyway. Twenty years later, their children played in the shade of the giant, magnificent tree it became.
Small, humble beginnings can grow into something great with patience and care. / Don't judge something's potential by its initial appearance
A group of lines in a poem, separated by a space from other groups. It's like a paragraph for poetry.
Stanza
a sign or warning of whats going to happen next
foreshadowing
After he volunteered to organize the class project, he discovered he had unwittingly opened a Pandora's box of problems.
allusion
Making notes while reading to help with understanding and answering questions
annotating
A famous artist was known for a beautiful mosaic made of broken pottery and glass. When asked the secret to its beauty, she said, "I took all the things the world considered useless and shattered, and I showed them how they could fit together to make something whole."
Beauty and wholeness can be found in imperfection and brokenness. / Our perceived flaws and past struggles can be repurposed into our greatest strengths
The repetition of the same beginning consonant sound in words that are close together.
Simple Explanation: A tongue-twister effect.
Alliteration
Leo slammed his locker shut, the sound echoing in the mostly empty hallway. Another lunch period spent alone. He watched from a distance as a group of kids from his history class laughed and shared chips at a table. They seemed like a closed circle. Just as he was about to head to the library again, a voice called out, "Hey, Leo! We're playing a card game. Do you wanna play?" It was Maya, smiling from the end of the table. Leo hesitated for a second, then walked over. An hour later, he was laughing so hard his stomach hurt, not because he was winning, but because he was finally part of the fun.
The Question:
How did Leo's feelings change from the beginning to the end of the passage? Use a specific detail from the text to support your answer.
Leo's feelings changed from lonely and isolated to happy and included. At the beginning, he felt alone, as shown says he spent "another lunch period spent alone" . By the end, he was happy because he was "laughing so hard his stomach hurt" and was "finally part of the fun."