ENERGY
The ability to do work is the simplest definition of ___________.
ENERGY
___________ is heat transfer through the movement of matter in these substances, such as liquids or gases.
Convection
A device that can open or close a circuit.
switch.
The law stating that voltage equals current times resistance.
Ohm’s law
The imbalance of electric charges within or on the surface of a material, often generated through ___________.
friction
This foundational principle states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.
law of conservation of energy
This type of heat transfer is most effective in solids.
Conduction
Electrons in a circuit are pushed away from a battery's ____________ pole.
negative.
The type of current that flows in one steady direction, commonly supplied by batteries.
direct current
These materials, such as rubber or plastic, tend to accumulate electric charges because they do not allow electrons to flow freely.
INSULATORS
The type of potential energy stored in a tightly stretched rubber band.
elastic potential energy
A material that does not allow heat or electricity to pass through it easily is called this.
Insulator
The SI unit for electric current.
Amperes
This device is used to measure the potential difference in a circuit
VOLTMETER
This pointed metal rod, often mounted on tall structures, helps guide the electric charge from lightning safely to the ground.
lightning rod
The formula for kinetic energy.
KE = ½ mv²
The property describing how well a material conducts heat. (2 words)
thermal conductivity
When components share the same voltage in an electrical setup, they are connected in this way.
parallel circuit
A buildup of electric charge on the surface of an object—often observed when you rub your feet on a carpet.
Static electricity
When a _________ rod is brought near a ________ pith ball, the charges within the ball rearrange, causing the ball to move toward the rod.
(First time)
CHARGED, NEUTRAL
When electrons move quickly from one atom to another is it called ____________________.
Electricity
Metals are generally good conductors because they contain ________. (2 words)
free-moving electrons
The more bulbs connected in series, the __________ the current in the circuit becomes, because each additional bulb ___________ the overall resistance, thereby _________ the current flow.
lower, increases, reducing
The SI unit used to measure electric charge, named after a French physicist.
The rate of flow of electric charge is called ______
Coulomb
current
Named for an American founding father, this experiment used a kite, key, and storm to demonstrate the electrical nature of lightning.
Benjamin Franklin’s kite experiment