Potassium/Magnesium
What is the normal range for potassium?
What is 3.5-5.0
Calcium is regulated by what hormone?
What is PTH (parathyroid hormone)
Sodium is located in which fluid compartment?
What is extracellular
Constipation and paralytic ileus can be associated with which electrolyte imbalance?
What is hypokalemia
What is the specialty of a trichologist?
What are the signs & symptoms of hypokalemia?
What are: muscle fatigue & cramping, mental status changes, shallow respirations (diminished muscle activity), dysrhythmias
What is an early sign of hypocalcemia?
What is numbness & tingling around mouth and in extremities.
Causes of hypernatremia may include all except: A) steroid therapy B) adrenal insufficiency C) diabetes insipidus D) fever
What is adrenal insufficiency
Which ion is found in CSF, bile, gastric secretions and pancreatic secretions?
What is chloride
Louis Pasteur has been credited with the development of three major vaccinations that are still used today. Which of the following did he not develop a vaccine for? A) Rabies B) Anthrax C) Polio D) Cholera
What is Polio
What are some food sources of potassium?
What are: potatoes, sweet potatoes, soybeans, bananas, tomato juice, orange juice, spinach
Signs & symptoms of hypercalcemia include: A) hyperactive DTRs B) renal stones C) abdominal cramping D) dysrhythmias
What is hyperactive DTRs
Name the labs to order when evaluating cause of hypo/hypernatremia & why?
What are urine electrolytes, serum sodium, urine osmolality, serum osmolality; to calculate FeNa
Lethargy, osteomalacia, rhabdomyolysis & low energy stores may indicate which electrolyte imbalance?
What is hypophosphatemia
What hereditary blood disease is known as "the royal disease?"
What is hemophilia
For hypermagnesemic patients, you should order which first: A) oral & IV fluids B) magnesium citrate C) magnesium sulfate diluted in fluids D) potassium-sparing diuretics
What are oral & IV fluids
With a positive Trousseau's sign, what serum Ca level do we expect?
What is total serum Ca <9mEq/L?
What are the most common causes of hypernatremia?
What are hypovolemia, sweating, diarrhea, DI
Which of the following could cause a metabolic alkalosis? A) renal failure B) panic attack C) chest trauma D) overuse of antacids
What is overuse of antacids
What was Friedrich Serturner the first to extract from opium and use as a pain reliever?
What is morphine
What population is especially vulnerable to hypomagnesemia?
Who are alcoholics
What are treatments for severe hypocalcemia?
What is Vitamin D, phosphate binders & IV calcium
What are symptoms of severe hyponatremia and at which serum level do these start?
What are N/V, headache, seizures, lethargy, respiratory distress at <125
What electrolyte imbalances do you see in hyperaldosteronism?
What are hypernatremia, hypokalemia & hypochloremia
What is athazagoraphobia?
What is the fear of being forgotten or ignored (literally FOMO)