Electron Configuration
Write the noble gas configuration for nitrogen.
[He] 2s2 2p3
Across a period (left to right), atomic radius __________, while down a grown (top to bottom, atomic radius ___________.
Decreases, increases
List 3 properties of metals.
Ductile, malleable, luster, conductive, mostly solids
This quantum number is represented by l and includes the shapes s, p, d, and f.
Angular momentum quantum number
Which subatomic determines the chemical properties of an element?
Electrons
What is the full electron configuration for chromium?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d4
What trends (name 2) increase from left to right and decrease from top to bottom?
Electronegativity and ionization energy (will also accept nonmetal reactivity)
Sodium wants to lose 1 electron to become stable, giving it a +1 charge.
Phosphorus wants to _____ ____ electrons to become stable, giving it a ___ charge.
How many electrons can be held in the 3rd energy level?
18
The modern periodic table is arranged by increasing:
atomic number
Draw the orbital notation for sulfur.
^v ^v ^v ^v ^v ^v ^v ^ ^
1s 2s 2p 3s 3p
What is the most reactive group of metals?
Alkali metals (group 1)
Identify the element with 7 valence electrons in the 3rd period.
Chlorine
How many orbitals are found in an f sublevel?
7
What makes a metal reactive?
Low ionization energy
State the Paula Exclusion Principle.
Each orbital can hold 2 electrons, but only if they have opposite spin.
Magnesium has a higher ionization energy than strontium. Explain.
Magnesium has less shielding than strontium. Its nucleus has a stronger hold on the valence electrons, requiring more energy to remove them.
What do all elements in the same group have in common? (list 2)
same number of valence electrons; same oxidation number; similar chemical properties
What does the principle quantum number tell you about an electron?
Distance from the nucleus (size of orbital)
Which group has no electronegativity? Why?
Noble gases - they have no attraction for electrons due to their full valence shell.
Draw an orbital notation that violates Hund's rule.
Answers will vary -
^v ^v ^v ^v
1s 2s 2p
Fluorine is smaller than oxygen. Explain why.
Fluorine has a higher nuclear charge, so its strong nucleus is pulling the electrons in closer to it, making it smaller.
What are the two rows called at the bottom of the periodic table?
Lanthanides and Actinides (or inner transition metals)
What does the magnetic quantum number tell you about an electron?
Its axis in space
Write the noble gas notation for Astatine (At).
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p5