Electricity and Electric Charges
The branch of electricity called electrostatics focuses on two things when they are both static. Name them.
What are electrical force and electrical charge?
The force of gravity and electrical forces exist in atoms. The stronger of these two forces is this one.
What is the electrical force?
In order for an atom to become a negative ion, this must happen.
What is that it gains an electron?
In order to operate as a superconductor, superconducting materials must have these kinds of temperatures.
What are low temperatures?
When an electric charge distributes itself on a conducting surface, it tends to have a greater concentration on these types of surfaces.
What are curved or pointed surfaces?
A helium atom has two protons and two electrons. The nature of the electrical force between them is this.
What is that the protons and electrons are attracted to each other?
The main difference between gravitational and electrical forces is this.
What is that gravity only has an attractive force?
Insulating materials have atoms that do this.
What is hang on tightly to their electrons?
Name the three ways that electrons can be transferred from one place to another.
What induction, friction and contact?
The electric field inside of conducting surfaces is always of this magnitude.
What is zero?
This is the fundamental force underlying all chemical reactions.
What is electrical force?
Particle A has 4 times the charge of nearby particle B. Compared to the force on particle A, the force on particle B is this.
What is the same?
To say that electric charge is conserved means that no case has ever been found where this happens.
What is that net charge has been created or destroyed?
Two oppositely charged particles are attracted to each other and so move toward each other. As the distance between them decreases, this happens the electrical forces on each particle.
What is that they increase?
Electric potential is measured in volts and is always the ratio of electric energy to this.
What is the amount of electric charge?
Describe an electrically neutral atom.
What is an atom with the same number of protons and electrons?
The distance between two charges shrinks from 8 m to 4 m. This happens to the magnitude of the electrical forces acting on them.
What is they increase by a factor of 4? (quadrupled)
Electric charge is quantized which means this.
What is that the charge on an object is always a whole number multiple of the charge on one electron?
A balloon is sticking to a concrete wall. The charge on the balloon could be this.
What is either negative or positive?
The electrical force on a 5-C charge is 80 N. The electrical field where the charge is located measures this.
What is 16 N/C?
This is the primary purpose of a lightning rod.
What is to discharge the surface of the structure it is attached to?
Two charges are separated by 1 meter and exert 3 Newton forces on each other. The charges are pulled to 4 meters apart. The charges now exert this amount of force on each other.
What is 3/16 Newton or 0.1875 N?
A transistor is an example of this kind of material.
What is a semiconductor?
To say that an object has been electrically polarized means this.
What is that its charges have been rearranged?
If 30 Joules of work is used to push 1 C of charge into an electric field, its electric potential relative to its starting position is this.
What is 30 volts?