Chapter 4
What is the structure in the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina?
HINT: This region only contains cones
Fovea
the various mental processes that support everyday functioning without conscious awareness or control is known as what?
the cognitive unconscious
this is the stage of memory that is associated with transforming experiences into lasting memories
encoding
A best example or average member of a concept is known as a _________ for a specific category of thought
A best example or average member of a concept is known as a prototype
name something that occurs during REM sleep
possible answers: paralysis of muscles, rapid eye movement, brain activity similar to wakefulness, faster HR and respiratory rate, dreaming
In the opponent processing theory of color perception, which color is paired with blue?
blue is paired with yellow
provide an example of inattentional blindness
Any example that shows a failure to perceive an object or objects that are not the focus of attention
chunking and rehearsal are both strategies to help improve which level of memory?
short-term memory
failing to be able to think outside of the box when problem solving is known as this
functional fixedness (hinderance)
A mechanism that supports consolidation of memory
this explains that cells have an increased efficiency in firing action potentials if they are continuously stimulated by the same adjacent neuron
long-term potentiation
The dorsal stream in the visual pathway flows into which structure of the brain?
This stream helps us identify where an object is in space
Parietal lobe
arousal
what is the capacity of short term memory?
7 items + or - 2
provide an example of what a subordinate category of animals could be?
anything thats a specific breed of some animal
ex: golden retriever
In a person with conductive hearing loss, what region of the ear is damaged?
the middle or outer ear is damaged
What structure of the basilar membrane is responsible for transduction of sound waves (vibrations) into neural impulses?
hair cells in basilar membrane transduce vibrations into neural impulses
** the bending of the hair cells trigger neural impulses
a person stops breathing for a brief period of time because their brain fails to send the proper signals to the respiratory muscles, this is an example of what sleep disorder?
Central sleep apnea
relating information we learn to something we already know is an example of what type of encoding?
deep encoding, specifically elaboration
thinking shark attacks are common because we see stories about them on the news all time time is an example of what?
availability heuristic
declarative memory is another word for this type of long term memory
explicit memory
sound waves with lower frequencies stimulate the basilar membrane where in relation to the oval window?
sound waves with lower frequencies stimulate the basilar membrane farther from the oval window
example of place theory
What category of drugs increases GABA activity in the brain?
Depressants
*increase in GABA activity reduces central nervous system activity
the misinformation effect commonly occurs with which type of memories?
episodic memories
the word "hat" has how many phonemes?
3
explain what neural persistence is?
neural persistence is the continued neural activity that occurs after a stimulus has activated them