Elements
Where are all the elements placed?
They are all placed in the Periodic table of chemical elements.
How do we call the 1A group?
Alkali metals
How do we call the 7A group?
Halogens
How do we call the 8A group?
Noble (inert) gases.
Where are metals placed in the Periodic table?
They are placed in the left and middle part of PT.
How do we call horizontal rows and vertical columns within the Periodic table.
Horizontal rows are PERIODS and vertical columns are GROUPS.
Which elements belong to alkali metals?
Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr. Hydrogen doesn´t belong to this group.
Which elements belong to halogens?
F, Cl, Br, I, At - radioactive.
Which elements belong to noble gases?
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn.
Which metal (symbol, name) is the only one in the liquid form?
Mercury - Hg
What are the three main groups of elements according to their metallic properties?
There are metals, semi - metals and nonmetals.
What are the physical properties of alkali metals?
They are metals, shiny, soft and easily react with the air.
What are the physical properties of halogens?
They are nonmetals, they can be gases, liquids or solids.
Where can we find noble gases?
In the atmosphere, in the Sun.
What are the general physical properties of metals?
They conduct heat and electricity, are malleable, ductile, have metallic shine, they are usually in the solid state.
What does the number of the column and the number of the group tell us about an element?
The number of the group tells us about the number of valence electrons and the number of the period means the number of electron layers of an element.
Do alkali metals form cations or anions? Explain your choice.
Cations, because alkali metals have just one valence electron, so they want to lose it and have 8 electrons on the last layer.
What special property does iodine have in terms of state change?
Dark grey solid substance of iodine sublimes to purple vapours.
What do we use helium and neon for?
He - in baloons, Ne - lightings.
How do we call elements present in the bodies of living organisms?
Biogenic elements.
Tell the name, symbol, number of valence electrons and the group of an element with Z = 9. Is this element a metal?
Fluorine, F, 7 valence electrons, 7A group, nonmetal.
What are the colours of the flame when we put compounds of alkali metals into it?
Na - yellow/orange, K - pink, Rb - violet, Cs - violet
Do halogens form cations or anions? Explain your choice.
Anions, because they have 7 valence electrons and only they need only one electron to complete the shell.
Why are noble gases called inert?
Because they have fully completed their electron shell so that they react with other elements unwillingly.
What are the functions of Fe, Na in animal bodies and Mg in plants?
Fe - haemoglobine, part of blood, carries oxygen/carbon dioxide, Na - responsible for nervous impulses, Mg - part of chlorophyll - green pigment essential for photosynthesis.