Formulas and Names
The simplest ratio of atoms in a compound
empirical formula
A crystalline substance that includes water molecules as part of its structure
hydrate
6.022 x 1023
Avogadro's number
The composition of a compound given in percents by mass
percent composition
Symbolic representations that specify the elements present in a compound and the relative numbers of atoms of each element present
formula
This is always the simplest ratio of ions that results in an equal number of positive and negative charges
empirical formula
Avogadro's number of anything
mole
According to this, a given compound will always have the same mass ratio or mass percents, no matter what its origin
law of definite composition
Tells how many of each type of atom are found in an actual molecule of that substance
molecular compound (molecular formula)
The system of naming simple cations
Stock system
To convert from the mass of a substance in grams to the amount of a substance in moles, (+,-,x,/) by the molar mass of the substance
divide
If the percent composition of a compound is known, this one additional piece of information is needed to determine the compound's molecular formula
molar mass
Contains atoms of only two elements
binary compound
When naming this type of compound containing an element that can exist in more than one cationic form, the full name of the ion according to the Stock system must be used
ionic compound
The amount of a substance containing the same number of particles as 12g of carbon-12
mole
This task is one that percent composition can be used to perform
determining a compound's empirical formula