Nature of Science & Review Questions
Conduction, Convection, Radiation
Thermal Energy
Electromagnetic (EM) Waves
Visible Light
States of Matter & Phase Changes
100
What is a DEPENDENT variable?
Results, measured or counted at the end
100
Which type of heat transfer is the result of two items TOUCHING?
Conduction
100
What is temperature?
The measurement of heat energy
100
Electromagnetic radiation is energy that travels in waves. Two types of electromagnetic waves are X-Rays and Radio Waves. X-Rays have a shorter wavelength than Radio Waves. Which of these statements is true?
A. X-Rays have more energy than Radio Waves do.
B. X-Rays have a lower frequency than Radio Waves do.
C. X-Rays travel slower than Radio Waves in a vacuum.
D. X-Rays, but not Radio Waves, can travel through a vacuum.
A. X-Rays have more energy than Radio Waves do.
100
What color is being ABSORBED by this shirt?
All of them
100
Name the 3 states of matter we learn about in 8th grade.
Solid, Liquid, Gas
200
Jason states the following prediction: “As the air temperature increases, the air in a balloon will expand, increasing the circumference of the balloon” as shown in the image. Some of Jason’s observations during his experiment are shown.
Which of the following is the test variable (independent variable) for an experiment designed to test Jason’s prediction?
Air Temperature
200
Which statement explains the relationship between the density of a material and its movement in Earth’s interior?
A. Cooler materials move from Earth’s mantle to the lithosphere.
B. Warmer materials sink to the mantle because their density slowly decreases.
C. Cooler materials are highly dense, causing them to sink to the outer core.
D. Warmer materials have a high density, causing them to rise to Earth’s surface.
C. Cooler materials are highly dense, causing them to sink to the outer core.
200
Which statement best describes the energy changes associated with evaporation and boiling?
A. Atoms gain energy during evaporation and boiling.
B. Atoms gain energy during evaporation but lose energy during boiling.
C. Atoms lose energy during evaporation and boiling.
D. Atoms lose energy during evaporation but gain energy during boiling.
A. Atoms gain energy during evaporation and boiling.
200
TRUE OR FALSE:
X-Rays have a higher frequency than Radio Waves do. The speed would decrease if the wave moved from a liquid to a solid.
True
200
Why is it better to wear a white shirt than a black shirt in the middle of summer?
It reflects the light and heat
200
Identify the state of matter shown in this image:
Solid
300
A model helps scientists understand the natural world. For example, the model of a wave shown below helps scientists understand wave movement. What is one benefit of using a model like this one?
It helps scientists investigate wave properties that are hard to visualize.
300
Mrs. Smith added a room-temperature copper (Cu) cube and an aluminum (Al) cube that she just removed from the freezer to a beaker of boiling water (see figure below). She left the cubes in the water for three hours. Which of the following describes the heat flow that took place during those three hours?
From the boiling water to the aluminum cube
300
Parish was researching the properties of solids, liquids, and gasses for his science class. He found the diagram below that represented equal masses of the same substance in three phases. How should Parish describe the attraction of the molecules of the liquid?
The atoms in a liquid have a greater force of attraction than the gas only.
300
Sunscreen bottles often include the phrase: “Protects against UVA and UVB waves.” This refers to ultraviolet radiation coming from the sun.
Are UV wavelengths LONGER or SHORTER than Visible Light?
Are UV waves MORE or LESS dangerous than Visible Light?
Shorter
More
300
When a pencil is placed in a glass of water, the pencil appears broken at the surface of the water. What is happening to the speed of light as it goes through the water?
Light slows down as it moves from water into air.
300
Which state of matter has the highest thermal and kinetic energy?
Gas
400
Why do scientists discuss and debate experimental results and possible explanations in studying phenomena?
Debating helps scientists focus on empirical evidence, analyzing both the strengths and weaknesses of the evidence.
400
The picture below shows a metal bar with three thermometers on it suspended over a flame on one end.
If you were to remove the heat source from the metal bar, what would you expect to occur next?
You would expect heat would continue to transfer from hot to cold until the metal bar reaches thermal equilibrium and all the thermometers would display the same exact temperature.
400
Which graph best shows the general relationship between the temperature of a gas and the speed of the molecules in that gas?
A.
C.
B.
400
Examine the image of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
Describe the temperature of the stars indicated by the arrow in the image?
Cool
400
As light travels through different types of matter, it may be absorbed, reflected, or refracted.
Describe the properties of light in the diagram.
As light travels from the air through the water, some of it is reflected (Example 1), absorbed (Example 2), and refracted (Example 3).
400
Is the temperature changing in the places identified by a green box?
NO
500
When a volcano erupts, particles of rock and ash are released into the atmosphere. After this, water droplets form around the rock and ash particles and fall to Earth as rain. The rainwater helps plants grow. In this scenario, which spheres of Earth interact?
(Earth's Spheres include: Atmosphere, Biosphere, Cryosphere, Geosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere)
Geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
500
Ms. Keen's class has created a list of different ways heat transfer occurs in Earth’s systems, as shown below. Which is an example of heat transfer through conduction?
A Wind heats ocean water at the shoreline
500
The diagram shows changes of state between solid, liquid, and gas. The atoms of a substance lose energy during a change of state. Before the change, the atoms are close together but are able to slide past one another.
Which arrow represents the change of state described above?
Q
500
The Electromagnetic Spectrum is a range of waves with various properties. How is the electromagnetic spectrum is used to support the field of astronomy?
AT LEAST TWO WAYS IT'S USED IN ASTRONOMY!
The Electromagnetic Spectrum is used to identify elements of stars and galaxies.
The Electromagnetic Spectrum is used to take pictures of deep space with telescopes.
The Electromagnetic Spectrum is used to calculate the rate at which other galaxies are moving either away from or toward us.
500
While attending a baseball game of his favorite major league team, Immanuel notices that he can see the batter hit the ball before he hears the crack of the bat. Why is there a time lapse between seeing the baseball hit and hearing it?
A time lapse occurs because sound waves travel more slowly in the air than light waves do.
500
The atoms of a substance lose energy during a change of state. Before the change, the atoms are close together but are able to slide past one another.
Which arrow shows this state of matter?
Q. Melting