Transatlantic Trade
What name is given to the brutal sea voyage that carried enslaved Africans to the Americas?
Middle Passage
Which region had fewer plantations and more urban/domestic slave labor: New England, Middle, Chesapeake, or Southern?
New England
What term describes communities formed by escaped enslaved people?
Maroon communities
Name the early Jamestown case in 1640 that resulted in lifelong servitude for an African
John Punch Case
Temporary labor contract in which a person worked for a set number of years in exchange for passage and, often, eventual freedom. what was this called?
Indentured servitude
Name the three-legged trade system that connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas
Triangular Trade
What was the headright system?
land grants given to settlers who paid passage for new arrivals
Enslaved people that escaped and made their way to Florida near the native tribes were called what?
Black Seminoles
Who were Anthony and Mary Johnson and why are they historically significant?
formerly enslaved Africans in Virginia who gained freedom and land ownership in the 17th century
Grown for sale/export rather than local subsistence (e.g., tobacco, sugar, rice)
Cash crop
List two types of goods Europe exported to Africa in exchange for enslaved people
guns, textiles/cloth, iron goods, alcohol
What religious group found in the north consistenly advocated for the end of slavery?
Quaker
What is considered the first protest against slavery?
The Germantown Protest
People without homes and travel looking for work.
Vagabonds
Labor/tribute system where Spaniards demanded labor from Indigenous peoples in colonial territories
Encomienda system
Name one reason why enslaved people were preferred labor?
Indentured servants were under contracted for a limited time and the Native populations was dying by the thousands
Which colony was the most dependent on enslaved labor
The Southern Colony
Who wrote a famous slave narrative that helped expose the horrors of the Middle Passage?
Olaudah Equiano.
People banished from England that came to the American colonies to start over
Convicts
A legal system that treats people as property that can be bought, sold, and inherited
Chattel slavery
What economic system increased European demand for enslaved labor in the Americas.
Mercantilism
These laws applied to free and enslaved negros alike to restrict their movements and maintain the status quo social hiearchy.
Virginia Code Regarding Slaves and Servants (1705) (Slave codes)
How did Bacon’s Rebellion influence the shift toward race-based slavery?
Showed elites that cross-racial alliances between poor whites and black laborers threatened colonial order
What was considered the first "Successful" colony?
Jamestown (Virgina)
This movement privatized common lands in England, displacing rural workers and increasing migration to colonies.
Enclosure Movement