External bleeding
How do you treat a nose bleed? Do you call 9-1-1?
- Pinch nose
- Tilt head forward
- 9-1-1 if nose bleed persists after 20 minutes
Name the 3 goals of first aid
- Prevent further injury
- promote recovery
What does SAMPLE stand for?
S: Signs and symptoms
A: Allergies
M: Medications
P: Past medical history
L: Last thing eaten
E: Events prior
Unconscious non breathing victim - choking. What is different about the CPR
Checking airway and readjusting airway if air doesn't go in
What is the universal sign for choking and how do you treat the injury (for a conscious non breathing victim)?
Hands to the throat.
5 Back blows, 5 abdominal thrusts
A victim has a major cut on their arm, that will not stop bleeding. Your victim is losing a lot of blood and their Level of conscious is decreasing. What do you do?
Add a tourniquet
what does standard of care mean?
Acting as a reasonable person with your training would.
What are the components of your primary assessment?
- LOC (AVPU)
- ABC's
what is the first two steps of treating an unconscious victim?
LOC and ABC's
Why do you need to go see a doctor if you have flu like symptoms after a drowning incident?
Aspiration of water
What do you do with an amputated body part?
Put it in a labeled Ziploc bag with ice.
When should a victim go see a doctor for a sunburn?
Blisters, vomiting, fever
What are the components of a secondary assessment?
- SAMPLE
- Vital signs (LOC, breathing, pulse, skin, pupils)
- Head-to-toe
- WARTS
- Before: try to prevent an injury from a fall
- After: EMS, identify and control cause of fainting, treat for shock, recommendation to seek medical attention
What type of burn affects all layers of the skin?
Third degree
What is special about your treatment of an avulsion?
Put the flap of skin back in place, before bandaging.
What is the proper ratio of compressions to breaths when performing CPR?
30:2
What is the first step to a rescue?
HAZARDS AND GLOVES!!
If a victim is unconscious but breathing, what are your next steps after LOC and ABC's?
Wet check/head-to-toe check
You are at your grand-parent's house and your grandpa starts having extreme chest pains. What should you do?
Call EMS, put victim in a comfortable position, loosen tight clothing, chew 1-2 aspirins, treat for chock. (LOC, ABC'S, SAMPLE, Vital signs, WARTS, etc..)
You have a victim that has a major cut to their abdomen. You are applying pressure and changing gauze pads once their full of blood, but the bleeding isn't stopping... Why?
You cannot remove the first layer of gauze!
What should you use to cover the entry and exit wound on an electrical burn victim?
Dry dressing
What does AVPU stand for?
- Alert
- Verbal stimuli
- Painful stimuli
- Unresponsive
You have an unconscious non-breathing victim but she is pregnant. What do you do?
Put a pillow under the right side of her abdomen.
What is the heart rhythm an AED will advise a shock for? (google is allowed)
Ventricular Fibrillation (VF)