General Questions
The goals of first aid (3 P's)
What is Preserve Life, Prevent Further Injury and Promote Recovery?
The Signs and Symptoms of Shock
What is
Rapid Breathing
Confusion
Fear
Anxiety
What does AVPU stand for?
Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive
What is Cardiopulmonary resuscitation?
You are at home when you hear a scream from the kitchen. You rush to discover your sibling has cut their thumb with a kitchen knife. What do you do?
Put the victim sitting and apply a clean bandage to the cut. Apply pressure on the cut, and add more bandages if needed. Treat for shock.
The law that protects volunteer first aiders from liability
What is The Good Samaritan Act?
Mark is having a hard time breathing, and is coughing and wheezing. He has just completed a 5km jog. What do these signs point to?
What is asthma?
Purpose and components of primary assessment
What is deal with “life-threatening” emergencies?
Assess level of consciousness (LOC) and the ABCs.
What is the ratio of breaths to compressions?
2 breaths, 30 compressions
At school, you see a classmate standing in the lunchroom clutching their throat. Their face is grey/blue. What do you do?
Get consent, then give 5 back blows, and 5 abdominal thrusts. Call EMS.
Barrier devices and their purpose
What are Pocket Masks and Gloves? To Protect You and the Victim.
The signs and symptoms of burns
What is
Redness
Pain
Swelling
Fear
Shock
Components of secondary assessment
Victim History, Vital signs, Head to toe check
When should CPR be used?
If someone is unresponsive and not breathing.
You are walking your dog when you notice an elderly person walking towards you. They lose their balance and fall to the sidewalk. When you get near them, they are semi-conscious. Their eyes are open and the left side of their face is drooping. The person is mumbling something, but you can’t understand them. What do you do?
Call EMS, get the victim into a comfortable position, monitor vitals and treat for shock.
The Rescue Process (3 Steps)
What is Recognize, Assess, Act?
Pam, an elderly lady is experiencing pain in her shoulder and chest, and having difficulty breathing, taking very short breaths. She is feeling dizzy, and has never experienced this pain before. What do the signs and symptoms point to?
What is heart attack
What does SAMPLE stand for?
What is Signs and Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Last meal, Events prior
When should EMS be called for an unconscious child, if you are alone?
After 5 cycles of CPR
You come across a car crash. The person is conscious, but vomitting, and you notice their body is bruised and swelling. Parts of their abdomen are hard and bruised. What do you do?
Check for hazards, Assess LOC and ABCs, call EMS, treat for shock.
The way Bystanders can help
What is See what happened? Activate EMS. Obtain first aid kit, etc.
The signs and symptoms of stroke
What is FAST
facial droop
slurred speech
weakness of one side of the body
Steps of ongoing victim care (6 steps)
Communicate and reassure victim
Describe what you are doing
Treat for shock
Recruit bystanders to help
Continue to monitor victim condition
Record changes to victim condition
What does AED stand for, and what is the purpose of an AED?
Automatic External Defibrillator: used to deliver an electrical shock to the heart
Your friend is learning to cook their favorite food: chicken nuggets. Foolishly, they grab the hot pan out from the oven without oven mitts. What do you do?
Run their hands under cool water until they say the heat has subsided.