Ch1
The four signs of an emergency.
What is
1. unusual sounds
2. unusual odors
3. unusual sights
4. unusual behaviors
?
This occurs when blood flow to a section of heart muscle is restricted.
What is a heart attack?
You give 5 back blows (between the shoulder blades) followed by 5 abdominal thrusts (upwards and inwards just above the navel).
What is the Heimlich Maneuver?
An illness that strikes suddenly and usually only lasts for a short period of time.
What is an acute illness?
A progressive, life-threatening condition in which the circulatory system fails to deliver enough oxygen-rich blood to the body’s tissues and organs.
What is shock?
This includes instruments (latex-free disposable gloves, CPR breathing barriers, face masks, etc) used to prevent pathogens from contaminating your skin, mucous membranes or clothing.
What is personal protective equipment (PPE)?
This happens when the heart has sporadic beats or no beats, which doesn't allow vital organs to get a good amount of blood.
What is cardiac arrest?
An illness that a person lives with on an ongoing basis and that often requires continuous treatment to manage.
What is a chronic illness?
The two types of trauma that are defined by 1 and 2 separately are..
1. It is caused by impact with a flat objector surface, is a common cause of internal bleeding.
2. It occurs when the body is pierced by a sharp, narrow object (such as a knife or bullet) or impaled on a sharp object (such as a branch or piece of metal), can also lead to internal bleeding.
What is blunt and penetrating trauma?
This protects first-aid responders from financial liability.
What is Good Samaritan Laws?
This includes
1. recognizing the emergency and calling 9-1-1
2. early CPR
3. early defibrillation
4. advanced life support
5. integrated post-cardiac arrest care
6. rehabilitation
What is the Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival?
This is administered instead of an abdominal thrusts to care for an infant who is choking.
What is a chest thrust?
Includes:
1. Trouble breathing.
2. Pain, such as chest pain, abdominal pain or a headache.
3. Changes in level of consciousness, such as being confused
or unaware of one’s surroundings, or becoming unresponsive.
4. Light-headedness or dizziness.
5. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or stomach cramps.
6. A fever.
What is considered the signs and symptoms of sudden illness?
This is what occurs when the surface of the skin is intact but the underlying tissues are injured. A common type is a bruise (contusion).
What is a closed wound?
1. State your name
2. State the type and level of training (either in First Aid, CPR, or of higher degree)
3. Explain what you believe is wrong
4. Explain how you are going to fix it by telling the patient or guardian what you plan to do
5. Ask if you can help them
What is 5 steps to get consent to administer care?
This includes 2 sets of 30 compressions and 2 breaths done at a constant rate of 100-120 compressions/min no matter if the individual is an adult, child, or infant.
What is Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)?
You lower the individual down when they are choking then begin CPR and grabbing the obstructing object out of their mouth if seen.
What is caring for the unresponsive?
A chronic illness in which certain substances or conditions, called triggers, cause inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making breathing difficult.
What is asthma?
This is what occurs when the skin’s surface is broken and blood may come through the tear in the skin, resulting in external bleeding (bleeding that is visible on the outside of the body). This includes abrasions, avulsions, lacerations, and puncture wounds.
What is an open wound?
Two types of bacterium microbe viruses that
1. are spread from the bloodstream of someone infected with Hepatitis B, C, or D, or HIV (human immunodeficiency virus).
2. are spread through the air when someone (with a respiratory illness: tuberculosis, influenza) coughs, sneezes, or breathes.
What is Bloodborne and Airborne pathogens?
This is given when full CPR is unable to be done whether it is due to unwillingness or something else preventing one from administering it.
What is compression-only CPR?
A person who is choking typically has a panicked, confused or surprised facial expression. Some people may place one or both hands on their throat. The person may cough (either forcefully or weakly), or he or she may not be able to cough at all.
What is considered the signs and symptoms of choking?
This is the name for a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction.
What is anaphylaxis?
This is a device placed around an arm or leg to constrict blood vessels and stop blood flow to a wound. In some life-threatening circumstances, you may need to use a tourniquet to control bleeding as the first step instead of maintaining direct pressure over several minutes.
What is a tourniquet?