Autonomic Arousal
What are the two types of nervous systems involved with arousal?
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
Is there a single brain area responsible for any one emotion?
No, whilst the Amygdala is associated with emotion, there are multiple areas active
What is the function of Anger?
Protect and Defend
Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal gland during stress and anxiety?
Cortisol
What is the difference between fear and anxiety?
Fear relates to presence or imminent presence of an aversive stimulus.
Anxiety is more a protracted state produced by a sustained expectation that the aversive event is likely to occur
What is the name of the nervous system associated with Rest and Digest?
Parasympathetic
Are emotions distinct categories or dimensions of experience?
Dimensions of Experience?
What are the two axes of the Dimensional Model of Emotion?
Arousal and Valence
What is the link between testosterone and aggression?
Higher levels are linked to higher aggression but differences are small and can be mitigated by behavioural intervention
Which three parts of the body are associated with the HPA Axis?
Hypothalamus, Pituitary Gland and Adrenal Cortex
After event, what are three components of the James-Lange Theory?
Appraisal, Action and Emotional Feeling
The Amygdala is part of which system starting with L
Limbic System
What is the correlation between Autonomic Arousal and Logical Decision making? (Hint: Think about the Trolley Dilemma)
Increased Autonomic Arousal = Decreased Logical Decision Making
What is the mediating variable between Low MAOA activity and an increase in violent behaviour
Severely troubled childhood environment/ Childhood maltreatment
What is the impact of damage to the amygdala?
Impaired fear conditioning and recognition of fearful expressions
How does the commonsense view differ to the James-Lange Theory?
James-Lange: Appraisal, Action, Emotional Feeling
What do BAS and BIS stand for?
Behavioural Activation System and Behavioural Inhibition System
What effect does Ventromedial prefrontal cortex damage have on moral decision making?
Make more utalitarian decisions, show less concern for others and have difficulty anticipating emotional consequences of actions.
What is the key brain structure for driving aggression, and which is the key structure for regulating aggression?
Hypothalamus; Pre-Frontal Cortex
What is the genetic link between Epigenetics and Intergenerational Trauma?
What is one example of evidence against James-Lange Theory
People with spinal cord injuries still experience emotions and/ or
Physiological arousal alone usually do not produce emotional feelings
Which hemisphere of the brain does the Behavioural Activation System (BAS) relate to? And in those with relatively high BAS, are they more introverted or extroverted
Left Hemisphere and Extroverted
What were the findings from Seo & Barrett on the correlation between intense feelings and decision-making performance?
Those who experienced more intense feelings achieved better decision making performance
How do serotonin turnover and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors differ?
Serotonin turnover is the rate at which serotonin is absorbed within the brain whereas selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors influence the rate to which serotonin is reabsorbed by the pre-synaptic terminal
Activation of the hypothalamus causes the _____ gland to secrete __________ (ACTH) which causes the adrenal cortex to secrete __________ (the _____ hormone)
Pituitary; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Cortisol; Stress