Carr et al.
Describe the main difference between observation and imitation of emotions?
What is: imitation is the intentional act of copying another persons actions, intentions, etc., while observation is an indirect act of viewing someone elses emotional state through facial expressions, cues, etc.
True or false: the entire pain matrix is activated when experiencing empathy
What is: False - empathy only activates part of the pain matrix while intrapersonal pain activates the entirety of it
These two brain regions are used as a "neural bridge" between action representation and emotional processing
What is: The amygdala and insula
Name a part of the pain network that contributes to the ability to empathize to somebody elses pain that is not in the cerebral cortex
What is: The cerebellum
This brain region shows task related activity when we imitate and observe emotional facial expressions
What is: the premotor cortex (PMC)
Which brain areas are responsible for the affective components of pain?
What is: The anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex
What is the mirror neuron system?
What is: a system of neurons that activates when observing motor actions and performing motor actions that almost mimic neuronal activity to aid in observational learning
Which side of the anterior insula shows significant activation with increased empathy scores?
What is: the Left anterior insula (along with the ACC)
When does the superior temporal sulcus (STS) show the most brain activity according to the mediation to empathy hypothesis?
What is: during imitation rather than for observation of emotional facial expressions
Name a functional benefit of empathizing with the pain of others
What is: They allow us to predict the effects of emotional stimuli on ourselves and/or They allow us to understand when to provide aid for another individual