Vocab
What is the name for the exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and people between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres?
Columbian Exchange
What three-word phrase summarizes the goals of European exploration: wealth, fame, and religion?
Gold, Glory, and God
What historical exchange spread potatoes, corn, horses, and diseases between hemispheres?
Columbian Exchange
Which European nation colonized Brazil?
Portugal
Which blue-dye crop grown in the Americas became an important trade product?
Indigo
What do we call a crop grown mainly to sell for profit?
Cash Crop
Which continent's valuable spices and luxury goods did Europeans hope to reach by finding new sea routes?
Asia
What caused millions of Indigenous Americans to die after European contact?
Illness/Disease
Which European nation became an early leader in the North American fur trade?
France
What ocean did enslaved Africans cross during the Middle Passage?
Atlantic
What Spanish colonial system forced Indigenous people to provide labor or tribute?
Encomienda
What type of route did European explorers seek to reach Asia without relying on existing overland trade networks?
Sea Routes
What group of people were forced to provide labor under the Spanish encomienda system?
Natives/Indigenous
Which European empire used the encomienda system in the Americas?
Spain
Which British company played a major role in Britain's tea trade with Asia?
British East India Company
What was the forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean called?
Middle Passage
What did European monarchs want to increase by gaining colonies and controlling trade?
Wealth
What was the name of the ocean-spanning trade that expanded the forced transportation of enslaved Africans to the Americas?
Atlantic Slave Trade
What type of large farm grew crops like sugar and tobacco for export?
Plantation
What three-part trading network connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas?
Triangular Trade network
What economic system encouraged European nations to gain wealth through colonies and control of trade?
Mercantilism
What religion did many European explorers hope to spread to new lands?
Christianity
What percentage of Natives died due to a lack of immunity to illnesses/diseases brought by the Europeans?
90
What term describes a colony's production of valuable goods to enrich its European mother country?
Mercantalism
What group of people was forcibly transported from Africa to the Americas to provide plantation labor?
Enslaved Africans