Terminology
A large territory ruled by a single authority, often including diverse peoples and lands.
What is an Empire?
This city was a major center of learning and culture during the Golden Age of Islam.
What is Baghdad?
The religion that was the official faith of the Byzantine Empire and later split into Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic branches.
What is Christianity?
The Byzantine emperor who codified Roman laws into a single legal system.
Who is Justinian I?
The city that became a major center of learning during the Islamic Golden Age.
What is Baghdad?
The leader of the Islamic community who is considered both a political and religious successor to Muhammad.
What is a Caliph?
This branch of mathematics, developed during the Islamic Golden Age, uses symbols and letters to represent numbers and quantities.
What is algebra?
The branch of Christianity practiced by the Byzantine Empire, centered in Constantinople.
What is the Eastern Orthodox Church?
The Carolingian ruler crowned emperor by the Pope in 800 CE.
Who is Charlemagne?
The name of the Byzantine Empire’s official legal code.
What is the Justinian Code?
The religious building where Muslims gather to worship and pray.
What is a Mosque?
The Muslim scholar who wrote the influential medical encyclopedia called "The Canon of Medicine."
Who is Avicenna (Ibn Sina)?
The religious leader who crowned Charlemagne emperor, symbolizing the link between church and state.
Who is the Pope?
The political and religious leader of the Islamic Caliphate.
What is a Caliph?
The trade route connecting the Islamic Empires to Asia and Europe.
What is the Silk Road?
The two main branches of Islam that originated from disagreements about leadership succession.
What are Sunni and Shia?
Islamic scholars during the Golden Age preserved and translated works from these two ancient civilizations.
What are Greece and Rome?
The religious leader considered the head of the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Who is the Patriarch of Constantinople?
This city was Charlemagne’s capital and a center of political power and culture in the Carolingian Empire.
What is Aachen?
The empire that used Greek fire as a powerful military weapon.
What is the Byzantine Empire?
The journey Muhammad and his followers made from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE, marking the start of the Islamic calendar.
What is the Hegira?
This trade network connected Asia, Africa, and Europe, spreading goods, ideas, and culture across the Islamic world.
What is the Silk Road?
The pilgrimage to Mecca that all Muslims are expected to make at least once in their lifetime.
What is the Hajj?
Nobles who governed regions within the Carolingian Empire.
What are counts?
The cultural and educational revival during the Carolingian Empire.
What is the Carolingian Renaissance?