TRAUMA
What is the optimal treatment for a patient suspected of suffering from compartment syndrome?
Splint and IV fluids
Which leads do you evaluate if you suspect an inferior wall MI?
Leads II, III, and aVF
You have a 30-year-old male patient who presents with a rash resembling a target (bullseye) on his right calf. This almost certainly indicates which infection?
Lyme disease
Naloxone should be titrated to effect in the patient who has overdosed on a narcotic medication. To what effect should it be titrated?
Increase in respiratory rate
At which of the following times should an APGAR score be calculated and documented?
1 minute and 5 minutes
You are treating a 52-year-old male who was involved in a motor vehicle accident. He complains of severe back pain and is not able to move his lower extremities. He is tachycardic with no visible external bleeding and is pale and diaphoretic in areas superior to the nipple line. What form of shock is this patient most likely experiencing?
Neurogenic
You have been treating a 75-year-old female with respiratory distress who suddenly went into respiratory arrest. You are able to ventilate the patient without difficulty with a bag valve mask. What is the most appropriate rate to ventilate this patient?
10-12 breaths per minute
Which Le Fort fracture is often referred to as craniofacial dissociation because it results in a free-floating face?
Le Fort III
Which characteristic will help you identify a junctional rhythm?
Inverted or retrograde P-wave
Requires hospitals to notify providers if they have been exposed to certain specific diseases
Ryan White Act
Overdose of a barbiturate or benzodiazepine can easily be confused for an overdose of which other drug?
Ethanol (ETOH, Alcohol)
Which fontanel closes latest in a child's life and is also the largest?
Anterior
Orbits the nucleus and carries a negative charge
Electrons
What happens during laryngospasm?
The vocal cords tense and move medially, closing the glottic opening.
During assessment of a 32-year-old male who was struck by a car, you note bowel sounds in the left chest cavity. What is most likely the cause for this finding?
Diaphragmatic rupture
What medication is most likely to be given to a patient who is receiving transcutaneous pacing? (Drug and Dose)
5 mg midazolam (Versed)
What cells produce immunoglobulins?
B cells (plasma cells)
You have a 28-year-old male patient who passed out while working in a poorly cooled warehouse. The patient is hot to the touch and diaphoretic with a temperature of 104.5°F. He nearly passes out again as you sit him up to get him to the stretcher. Is initiating active cooling measures appropriate for this patient?
Yes, because the patient has displayed an alteration of mental status
You are on scene with a 4-year-old female who is presenting with head bobbing and perioral cyanosis, signs and symptoms consistent with epiglottitis. What best describes her respiratory status?
Respiratory failure
Type of shock that is characterized primarily by fluid that has moved from the vasculature but has not left the body
Distributive
Collapse of thousands of alveoli in an area of the lung
Atelectasis
A 53-year-old female is rescued from a vehicle that caught on fire after a collision. Upon exam you note that she has burns on her circumferential bilateral legs from approximately the knee down, and the skin is blackened in some areas. She only notes pain in the area of her knee. Most likely, what is the burn severity represented here?
Full-thickness burn
Governs the relationship between stretch of the myocardium and the ventricular contractile force
Frank-Starling principle (law)
You have a 7-year-old with a bee sting who is complaining of difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing, and hoarseness. What is the correct IM dose of 1:1000 epinephrine?
0.15 mg
The high and associated symptoms with methamphetamine use can last for how long after last use?
12 hours
Compressions have been started on a neonate whose heart rate is between 60 and 100 and not improving. Ventilations are being provided with a bag valve mask (BVM). What is the next step?
0.15 mg epinephrine IM
Broca's area is responsible for speech production, whereas Wernicke's area is responsible for speech interpretation and comprehension. Correctly pair the area with the lobe in which it is located
Broca: frontal
Wernicke: temporal
You have been ventilating an 87-year-old male who is in respiratory arrest as a result of an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The end tidal carbon dioxide value has steadily declined from 50 mm Hg immediately after intubation to 25 mm Hg, and the pulse oximetry has also declined. What is the best explanation for this development?
A bleb has ruptured in the lungs (leading to a tension pneumothorax)
During assessment of a 32-year-old male who was struck by a car, you note bowel sounds in the left chest cavity. What is most likely the cause for this finding?
Diaphragmatic rupture
You and your partner are called to a local baseball field for a 10-year-old male player in cardiac arrest. The person who greets you as you emerge from the ambulance tells you that he was hit in the chest with a batted ball and immediately collapsed. What does this most closely resemble?
R-on-T phenomenon (commotio cordis)
Primary symptom of copious amounts of green, watery diarrhea
C. diff infection
You are working as a wilderness EMS professional and are called to help a 33-year-old male who was climbing a mountain and began to complain of nausea and vomiting and dizziness. His climbing buddy tells you that he is confused and was unable to remain standing upright. From what condition is this patient most likely suffering?
High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE)
A surge in which of the following hormones around day 14 of the menstrual cycle is responsible for ovulation?
Luteinizing hormone
You observe that one of your patient's pupils does not constrict to light after he was involved in a motor vehicle accident. Which cranial nerve (CN) is most likely affected?
CN III
You are working to intubate a 75-year-old male with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) when the patient's rhythm changes from sinus tachycardia to sinus bradycardia. What is the most likely cause for this?
Stimulation of the vagus nerve during laryngoscopy
In addition to generalized achy pain, paralysis, and paresthesias in the area affected by compartment syndrome, what other sign or symptom is often also present?
Passive stretch pain
You are called to a patient who passed out at home. There are no injuries, and the ECG shows atrial fibrillation (AF) with rapid ventricular response at a rate approximately 190. The patient is responsive only to verbal stimuli, and the blood pressure is 70/P. What is the most appropriate electrical therapy to initiate in this patient?
200 J synchronized cardioversion
What best describes primary Addison disease?
Failure of the adrenal cortex and deficiency in all corticosteroids
You are working through the mnemonic COASTMAP to help you assess a 42-year-old female patient. What does the A, T, and P stand for?
Activity, Thought, and Perception
You are treating a 17-year-old female complaining of unexpected light bleeding in between normal menstrual cycles. She is not yet sexually active. What term best describes these symptoms?
Metrorrhagia
You have a patient who fell from a height. Your physical exam reveals the following symptoms: facial droop on the right side with asymmetrical smile; dilated, unresponsive pupil on the right side accompanied by the inability to raise the right eyelid; and inability to stick out the tongue. Which set of cranial nerves (CNs) is likely involved to cause these issues?
CNs III, VII, and XII
A patient who successfully achieved return of spontaneous circulation remains unconscious and ventilated with waveform capnography attached to the endotracheal tube (ETT). You notice that the patient's capnometry decreased from 48 mm Hg to 0 mm Hg with no waveform after carrying the patient downstairs. The patient still has a pulse. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for such a change?
The ETT has become dislodged