Toxidromes
Patient with shallow respirations, bradycardia, AMS, miosis.
What is the opioid toxidrome?
Patient that was cooking indoors and now presenting with confusion, tachypnea, and N/V. Treatment is:
What is high flow O2 or hyperbaric oxygen therapy?
19 y/o student borrowed some anxiety medication from a friend and now presenting with respiratory depression and drowsiness. Pupils are normal. Likely drug:
What are benzodiazepines?
You respond to an intoxicated patient at a party. There is alcohol paraphernalia around the room. A key vital sign to obtain:
What is BGL?
The number to Poison Control.
1-800-222-1222
Patient with hypertension, tachycardia, agitation, dilated pupils, diaphoresis
What is the sympathomimetic toxidrome?
3 y/o patient ingests an unknown amount of his father's medication. The child is minimally responsive, has slow respirations and has pinpoint pupils. Treatment is:
What is naloxone (Narcan)?
Patient with tachycardia and mydriasis reporting hearing voices and feeling bugs crawling under their skin. Likely drug:
What is methamphetamine?
What is esophageal erosion/perforation?
A key resource to refer to when responding to chemical hazards.
What are MSDS?
Patient with hypertension, tachycardia, agitation, dilated pupils, urinary retention, dry skin
What is Anticholinergic Toxidrome?
This common OTC pain reliever can cause liver failure with overdose. It is treated with:
What is NAC (N-acetylcysteine)?
Patient running around in the street reporting seeing visions and when police attempt to detain him he fights them off as if he has "super strength." Likely drug:
What is phencyclidine (PCP)?
Patient with N/V, diarrhea, abd pain, and fever for 1 week after returning from a hiking trip. One possible organism responsible:
What is E. coli, Staph aureus, Salmonella, Campylobacter, etc.?
Treatment for a bee sting and the life-threatening condition that could follow.
What is removing the stinger, ice packs, antihistamines, and anaphylaxis?
Patient with bradycardia or tachycardia, small pupils, incontinence, diarrhea, hypersalivation, bronchorrhea
What is the cholinergic toxidrome?
Patient presenting with AMS, seizures, and cardiac arrhythmia after being rescued from a factory fire. This toxic substance can also be found in certain fruit pits. Treatment is:
What is hydroxocobalamin?
Drug that is found in large parties that can cause hyperthermia, jaw clenching, and serotonin syndrome in overdose.
What is MDMA?
You respond to a rural location the day after a family party. Multiple people state their vision is decreased and describe "it looks like looking in snowstorm." This is the likely culprit.
What is methanol poisoning?
Name the fatal condition that chronic alcoholics can experience if they suddenly quit "cold turkey."
What is Delirium Tremens (DTs)?
Patient presents with pinpoint pupils, shallow respirations, bradycardia, and improves with Naloxone. UDS is negative for all drugs. She takes a medication for HTN. Name the culprit medication.
What is clonidine?
5 y/o ingests a small amount of blue liquid from the garage and presents with somnolence, heavy breathing, anion gap acidosis. These are the antidotes (name 1)
What is ETOH and fomepizole (4-MP)?
(ethylene glycol ingestion)
Patient admitted to buying oxycodone on the street but overdosed despite taking his normal amount. Required multiple doses of Narcan. Drug that is most likely responsible:
What is fentanyl?
Patient develops fever, tachycardia, AMS, muscular rigidity, and blood pressure lability. He was taking his antidepressant but followed the advice of a friend and supplemented with St. John's Wort. This condition is:
What is serotonin syndrome?
When stung by a jellyfish, the best way to deactivate the nematocysts that are imbedded into the skin is by using:
What is Vinegar? (acetic acid)