Growth and Development
This age group is 1-3 years, may resist separation from caregivers, and assessment should begin at their feet when stable.
What is a Toddler?
The most common cause for cardiac arrest in pediatric patients is
Respiratory arrest or failure
what ways do children's integumentary system(skin) differ from adults?
Thinner skin
burns more easily
harder to maintain temperature
What is pertussis and what is a common sign of it?
Whooping cough
Coughing, violently and rapidly, until all the air has left the lungs and a person is forced to inhale, causing a "whooping" sound
a condition in which the bronchioles become inflamed, swell, and produce excessive mucus, leading to difficulty breathing.
Asthma
For school age years group you should talk to the child and not just the caregiver. If possible give the child choices but do not ________ or _______ with the patient.
Bargain or debate
Infants are what type of breathers?
Nose
What are the soft spots on infants heads called
fontanelles
What is epiglottis and what is a common sign of it?
bacterial infection that causes swelling in the epiglottis.
excessive drooling after a cold like symptoms.
Unilateral diminished breath sounds or crackles over a lung segments would lead you to suspect
Pneumonia
Children 12- 18 years of age can answer most questions and fall under peer pressure easily. For females in this age group a medical hx should in include what question?
When was your last menstruation?
Is there any chance you could be pregnant?
*Don't ask in front of family or parents.
children have proportionally larger tongue
long floppy U-shaped epiglottis
narrowing , funnel shaped upper airway
Less developed rings of cartilage in the trachea
If a child is frightened, when administering oxygen it would be most appropriate to give the patient
blow by oxygen by placing an oxygen tubing through a hole in a paper cup.
What is croup and was is a common sign.
a viral infection of the upper airway usually after RSV.
stridor and seal-bark cough
early signs of respiratory distress in the pediatric patient include name 2
abnormal airway noise, retractions, tachypnea, grunting, nasal flaring
Not early
cyanosis, alerted level of consciousness, and bradycardia
A rapid heart rate that would be alarming for an infant would be?
Over 160 bpm.
What is an anatomical difference between a Child's head compared to an adult.
children have larger, rounder occiput compared to adults. This is why a towel should be placed under a Childs shoulders to maintain an airway.
what are the three sections of the PAT triangle
Appearance
Work of breathing
Circulation to skin
Children with N Meningitides would most likely present with
cherry-red spots or purplish rash with a fever and stiff neck
An EMT should be most concerned when a child presents with a fever and a
How would you determine if an infant or young child is dehydrated?
Urine output and hx from parents. (are they eating and drinking how often are you changing the diaper)
what are signs of an upper airway obstruction in an infant or child
bark-like seal cough, weak cough almost inaudible, stridor breathing
What is the algorithm for determine a pediatrics blood pressure's hypotension range
70 + (2 X age)
Febrile seizures are most common in what age group and are they typically life threatening?
6months -6 year and they are usually benign
Name to common types of shock that are common in pediatrics
severe infection ( Distributive- septic shock)
severe allergic reaction (Distributive shock - anaphylactic shock)
Dehydration (hypovolemic shock)
Trauma injury with blood loss (hypovolemic shock - hemorrhagic shock)