Trauma
A 78yo male was struck by a car while crossing the street. When you arrive, he is lying in the roadway, has a scalp laceration, and angulation of the right radius and femur. His pelvis is unstable. As you begin to package him, he becomes unresponsive and apneic. You should first:
A) Begin chest compressions
B) Open his airway
C) Check for a pulse
D) Apply the AED
C) Check for a pulse
Which of the following is a sign of increased pressure in the circulatory system?
A) Flat neck veins
B) Palpable carotid pulse
C) Distended jugular veins
D) Decreased radial pulse
C) Distended jugular veins
You should not suction an infant patient's airway for more than 10 seconds because:
A) The patient 's tongue may be injured
B) The suction unit's battery may drain too quickly
C) The patient will become hypoxic during this time
D) You may cause the patient to vomit
C) The patient will become hypoxic during this time
Of the following, which should cause you the most concern if it occurred during pregnancy?
A) A BP of 160/88
B) A resting pulse of 96
C) A respiratory rate of 22
D) A weight gain of over 30 lbs
A) A BP of 160/88
To assess the motor function in the lower extremities of a responsive patient, you would?
A) Ask the patient to bend his knees.
B) Ask the patient to wiggle his toes.
C) Carefully move the patient's leg.
D) Touch the skin of the patient's foot.
B) Ask the patient to wiggle his toes.
A 68yo male was the restrained driver of a car that was struck on the driver's side door with 20 inches of intrusion. You observe irregular chest wall movement on the left side. You should suspect fractures of:
A) Adjacent ribs in more than one place
B) Clavicle and the upper three ribs
C) The sternum in more than two places
D) Two or more floating ribs
A) Adjacent ribs in more than one place
A 52yo female lives in a home without air conditioning. It has been hot for the past six days. Her skin is hot to touch, and she babbles when she speaks. Before transporting her, you should:
A) Have her drink electrolyte-containing sports drinks
B) Make every effort to rapidly cool her
C) Cover her head and face with ice-soaked towels
D) Fan her and transport with your air conditioning on full strength
B) Make every effort to rapidly cool her
A 14yo male who has a history of diabetes complains of flu-like symptoms. He tells you he's been trying to eat, has been very thirsty and he is weak. He tells you he stopped taking his insulin two days ago becuase he was sick. His vitals are P 96, R 24, BP 100/78, and SpO2 is 96% on room air. You should suspect:
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Overhydration
C) Homeostasis
D) Hyperglycemia
D) Hyperglycemia
After delivery, a newborn is covered with a tarry substance that is greenish black. You should suspect this is:
A) Metrorrhagia
B) Melena
C) Placental parts
D) Meconium
D) Meconium
Which patient can safely receive only a focused physical examination rather than a rapid trauma assessment?
A) 10yo male with a deformed right lower leg who is responsive after falling off his bicycle.
B) 20yo female who complains of severe pain in her ankle after stepping off a curb.
C) 70yo male who complains of neck pain after a medium-speed car collision.
D) 30yo male who is unresponsive but has only minor cuts on the extremities.
B) 20yo female who complains of severe pain in her ankle after stepping off a curb.
When a patient has a tension pneumothorax, the major complication is:
A) The decreased amount of effective lung movement
B) Pressure placed on the left ventricle
C) A lack of perfusion pressure to the tissues
D) A loss of blood in the great vessels
C) A lack of perfusion pressure to the tissues
Which of the following is the highest priority patient?
A) 57yo male with chest pain and systolic blood pressure of 80
B) 40yo female with moderate pain from leg injury
C) 75yo male who appears confused but responds to commands
D) 25yo female in labor with contractions 6 mins apart
A) 57yo male with chest pain and systolic blood pressure of 80
A 10 month old male has a ventriculoperitoneal shunt under the skin of the left side of his neck, running from behind his ear down to his clavicle. You should suspect the shunt was placed to:
A) Provide a port for medication
B) Absorb cerebrospinal fluid
C) Relieve intracranial pressure
D) Circulate arterial blood
C) Relieve intracranial pressure
On delivery, a neonate has blue-colored skin, some facial grimace, and little movement. You should:
A) Immediately suction her mouth, then nose
B) Hold her by her feet and slap her bottom
C) Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation
D) Stimulate her by drying her
D) Stimulate her by drying her
When performing the rapid trauma assessment, what is the next step after assessing the neck?
A) Assess the clavicles, scapulae, and chest.
B) Clear the airway and administer oxygen.
C) Assess the head, eyes, ears, and nose.
D) Apply a cervical immobilization device.
D) Apply a cervical immobilization device.
At the capillary level, burns cause:
A) Increased hydrostatic pressure
B) Cellular lysis
C) Decreased oncotic pressure
D) Increased permeability
D) Increased permeability
A 72yo female who has a history of mental illness complains of a headache. Within five minutes she becomes unresponsive. Her vitals are P 90, R 16, and BP 128/92. You should suspect:
A) Conversion reaction
B) Intracerebral bleeding
C) Vasovagal syncope
D) Drug overdose
B) Intracerebral bleeding
Which of the following are the signs of early respiratory distress in children and infants?
A) Breathing rate of less than ten per minute, limp muscle tone, slow or absent heart rate, weak or absent distal pulses
B) Increased rate of breathing, nasal flaring, intercostal or supraclavicular retractions, mottled skin color, abdominal muscle use
C) Altered mental status, respiratory rate of over 60 or under 20 breaths per minute, severe retractions, severe use of accessory muscles
D) Inability to cough, crying with tears but no sounds, cyanosis, abdominal or chest-wall movements with absent breath sounds
B) Increased rate of breathing, nasal flaring, intercostal or supraclavicular retractions, mottled skin color, abdominal muscle use
A 34yo female in her third trimester has blurred vision and is vomiting. She tells you she is expecting her second child. You se dependent edema and facial swelling. Her vitals are P 108, R 16, BP 168/82. You should suspect:
A) Pulmonary embolism
B) Right-sided heart failure
C) Liver disease
D) Preeclampsia
D) Preeclampsia
The purpose of the ongoing assessment is to re-evaluate the patient's condition and to:
A) Find any injuries missed during the initial assessment.
B) Reassure the patient that you are still caring for him or her.
C) Check the adequacy of each intervention performed.
D) Protect the EMT against liability from malpractice.
C) Check the adequacy of each intervention performed.
A) Renal artery tear
B)Systolic blood pressure below 60mmHg
C) Abdominal aorta trauma
D) Arterial embolus
C) Abdominal aorta trauma
To which patient should you administer oral glucose?
A) 60yo female behaving as if she is intoxicated, and whose daughter informs you that she takes insulin by injection
B) 45yo male with a history of diabetes behaving erratically after falling and hitting his head in the bathtub
C) 70yo male with a long history of diabetes who is unconscious and cannot swallow
D) 52yo female who tells you that she is feeling dizzy and has low blood sugar
A) 60yo female behaving as if she is intoxicated, and whose daughter informs you that she takes insulin by injection
A 3yo female has had nausea and vomiting for two days. She is listless, has delayed capillary refill, dry skin, and a rapid, weak pulse. You should suspect:
A) Failure to thrive
B) Flu-like symptoms
C) Compensated shock
D) Malnourishment
C) Compensated shock
A 36yo female who is eight months pregnant is experiencing painless vaginal bleeding. You should suspect:
A) Progesterone imbalance
B) Placenta previa
C) Bloody show
D) Endometrial sloughing
B) Placenta previa
Which patient should receive a rapid trauma survey to determine hidden injuries?
A) Alert 2yo child in a car seat who was in a medium-speed crash
B) Alert 20yo male who fell ten feet and is complaining of leg pain
C) Alert 65yo female who fell in the bathtub and is complaining of wrist pain
D) Alert 11yo female who tripped while roller skating and fell down three steps.
A) Alert 2yo child in a car seat who was in a medium-speed crash