Medical
Name at least 3 solid abdominal organs.
spleen, kidney, pancreas
a burn characterized by redness and pain is classified as:
superficial or first degree burn
You have sealed the open chest wound of a 40 y/o male who was stabbed in the anterior chest. Your reassessment reveals he is experiencing increased respiratory distress, tachycardia, and is developing cyanosis. You should:
partially remove the dressing (burp the seal)
When is epinephrine indicated for patients with anaphylactic reactions?
when there is wheezing, airway compromise, or hypotension present
The term primigravida refers to a woman who:
is pregnant for the first time
what is one major characteristic of a focal-onset aware seizure?
normal level of consciousness
A fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis is called a _____ fracture.
pathologic fracture
During your assessment of a 70 y/o woman, she tells you that she takes blood thinners and has to wear compression stockings around her legs. This should make you suspect that she has:
deep vein thrombosis (DVTs)
Urticaria is the medical term for:
hives
Which of the following chemicals is a nerve agent?
- Lewisite
- Soman
- Chlorine
Soman (organophosphate nerve agent)
- causes buildup of acetylcholine which overstimulates the nervous system
what is the most significant risk factor for a hemorrhagic stroke?
hypertension
Describe the difference between decorticate and decerebrate posturing
decorticate: to the core
decerebrate: away from the core
A 38 y/o woman was bitten by fire ants while at the park. Your primary assessment reveals that she is semi-conscious, has labored breathing, and a rapid, thready pulse. She has a red rash over her entire body, and her face is swollen? Assuming the scene is safe, what should your first action be?
assist her ventilations with 100% oxygen
What condition is characterized by resistance to insulin at the cellular level?
type 2 diabetes
Name the 5 components of the APGAR scoring system.
appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration
Pain that radiates to the right lower quadrant from the umbilical area, nausea, vomiting, and lack of appetite are most indicative of:
appendicitis
Significant vital sign changes will occur is the typical adult acutely loses more than ____% of his or her total blood volume
20%
A 19 y/o male is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless after being struck in the center of a chest with a softball. Based on the mechanism of injury, what most likely occurred?
commotio cordis; patient went into ventricular fibrillation when the impact occurred during a critical portion of the cardiac cycle
Which type of respirations are seen in patients with DKA in an attempt to eliminate acids from the blood?
What are the two most prominent symptoms of decompression sickness?
abdominal pain and joint pain
Describe the difference between abruptio placenta and placenta previa.
placenta previa may present without significant abdominal pain where abruptio placenta generally presents with significant pain
Bleeding within the brain tissue itself is called
- epidural hematoma
- subdural hematoma
- intracerebral hematoma
intracerebral hematoma
A 37 y/o male was pinned between a flat bed truck and a loading dock. On exam you find bruising to the chest, distended neck veins, bilaterally diminished breath sounds, and bilateral scleral hemorrhaging. You should:
- suspect a severe hemopneumothorax
- aggressively manage his airway
- perform your secondary assessment
aggressively manage his airway
pre-eclampsia is pregnancy related hypertension
eclampsia is pregnancy related hypertension resulting in seizures
According to the START triage system, what should you do if you encounter an unresponsive patient who is not breathing?
manually open the airway and reassess breathing status