Cardiology
What is the buildup of plaque inside the arteries called?
Atherosclerosis
Bonus: what is a blockage or decrease in blood flow called?
What is the metabolic drive that humans normally operate on?
Hypercarbia
Bonus: Where are these chemoreceptors located
What are the 2 types of strokes?
Ischemic and Hemmorhagic
Bonus: What is the percentages of how common these occur?
This condition can be caused by trauma or medical condition, will show as difficulty breathing, diminished lung sounds on affected side, and can progress further.
Pneumothorax
Bonus: What are the Signs and Symptoms of tension pneumothorax?
Bonus x2: What is the Becks triad and what condition is it related to?
This is a condition caused by failing conditions in which the waste product, urea, remains in the blood.
Uremia
Bonus: what acute abdomen emergency presents with right lower quadrant pain and rebound tenderness?
Which cardiac issue related to ACS (acute coronary syndrome) is typically relived by resting or administering nitroglycerin?
Angina Pectoris
Bonus: What is the difference between stable and unstable
What are the normal respiration ranges for the three main age groups (Infants, children, and adults)
Infants 30-60, children 12-40, adults 12-20
Bonus: respiration vs ventilation vs oxygenation
These, often called "mini strokes, are stroke-like symptoms that relieve themselves within 24 hours.
Transient Ischemic Attacks
Bonus: What are the 2 types of aphasia, and what side of the brain will be affected when this is showing.
Roughly X amount of blood lost in less than Y minutes will show signs of hypovolemic shock.
Bonus: what are the 3 categories of shock?
This hormone allows sugar to enter the cells
Insulin
Bonus: What stimulates the breakdown of glycogen?
This cardiac related emergency is typically relieved with sitting up, does not always present with chest pain, will have high BP, P, and R, with rales in lung sounds. What is it?
CHF
Bonus: What other symptoms can present with CHF, and what specific O2 intervention can we do to relive symptoms?
This respiratory emergency is presented with sudden onset of dyspnea, stabbing/sharp chest pain, tachycardia and hemoptysis.
Pulmonary Embolism
Bonus: What are the 2 pleura on the thoracic cavity?
A prolonged period of seizures lasting longer than 5 minutes with the patient not regaining full consiuousness is called what?
Status Elipticus
Bonus: what are the 2 main types of seizures?
This mnemonic assists EMTs in assessing trauma patients
DCAP BTLS
Bonus: What are raccoon eyes and battle signs, what do the indicate?
This endocrine emergency presents with rapid onset, pale cool ad moist skin, agitation or confusion, and normal respirations.
Hypoglycemia
Bonus: What is the threshold for DKA and HHNS?
What kind of emergency (the answer is not cardiac) is the cause of aortic aneurysms?
Hypertensive
Bonus: What specific vital will you find in a patient with a dissecting aortic aneurysm?
When talking about COPD vs CHF, which can present with either ronchi or dry lung sounds, is often caused by long term smoking, and may appear pink or blue.
COPD
Bonus: Emphysema vs Chronic Bronchitis
This mnemonic is used for AMS patients.
AEIOU TIPS
Bonus: What does each letter stand for?
This triad presents with increased systolic BP, decreased HR, and irregular respirations.
Cushing triad, indicating ?
Bonus: what is the difference between Cheyn-Stokes respirations and Kussmaul respirations
This emergency presents with Kussmaul respirations, extreme thirst, warm and dry skin, normal BP, and has a gradual onset over hours or days.
DKA
Bouns: What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
What are all contraindications of administering Nitroglycerin?
- Hypersensititviy to Nitro, Systolic BP less than 100, ED medication in last 24 hours, max dose already administered
Bonus: What are the correct sticker placements for an ECG
What are the 5 Rights of administering any medication?
Medication, patient, date, dose, route
Bonus: Stridor vs Wheezing
What are the 3 parts to the Cincinatti Stroke Scale
Facial droop, arm drift, speech
Bonus: what are the main components and scoring of the GCS
This condition is caused by blunt trauma to the chest at a crucial time during the heartbeat causing spontaneous cardiac arrest.
Bonus: What does an occlusive dressing treat?
This is often presented with urticaria and angioedema, along with wheezing.
Anaphylaxis
Bonus -500 pts if wrong: What are the doses and effects of Epinephrine on a normal human? AND what is the hearts' ability to contract spontaneously without nerve stimulus called?