Anatomy
This part of the body is proportionately larger in a young child, making it easier to block the airway.
What is the tongue.
Children are MORE likely to hurt this part of their body in trauma than adults with a similar mechanism of injury.
What is the head.
When treating a child, this is why it feels like you have two patients.
What is because you are treating the child and the parent/caregiver.
At age 10 and up, this is the expected pulse range.
What is 60 to 100 beats per minute.
How should a pediatric patient be secured in the ambulance?
Using the ambulance's pediatric car seat or restraining device. Not their own car seat.
Hyperextending the neck in an infant can lead to a blocked airway, due the lack of this in the patient's trachea.
Children are LESS likely to hurt this part of their body than an adult with a similar mechanism of injury.
What is the spinal cord.
This assessment is used on children, but is not as reliable when used on adults.
What is capillary refill.
From age 2 to 10 years old this is the normal pulse range.
What is 60 to 140 beats per minute.
The best resource for understanding a pediatric patient's medical history.
What is the parent or caregiver.
The pediatric brain needs more of these two things, making it more prone to secondary brain damage following hypotension or hypoxic events.
What is oxygen and glucose.
Broken bones in children can often look like sprains and strains. These broken bones are classified as this.
What are stress fractures.
Unless critically injured, assessment of a toddler should begin here.
What is at the feet.
What is 30 to 60 breaths per minute.
This is the standing order for pediatric patients suffering from an asthma attack.
What is oxygen and albuterol (up to 3 doses). Epinephrine would require medical control.
A patient who is in the tripod position with dyspnea and drooling is most likely suffering from this.
What is epiglottitis.
This is why burns in a child are more likely to be critical than in an adult.
Kussmaul breathing in a child indicates this metabolic condition.
What is DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis).
From 3 months to 2 years old, this is the expected pulse range in beats per minute.
What is 100 to 190 beats per minute.
An event that causes unresponsiveness, cyanosis, and apnea in an infant, who that resumes breathing with stimulation.
What is an ALTE or BRUE.
Apparent Life Threatening Event
or
Brief Resolved Unexplained Events
The most common cause of wheezing in children under 2 years old.
What is Bronchiolitis (which may not respond to albuterol).
The name of the soft spots of the skull in an infant.
What are fontanelles.
BONUS: Sunken fontanelles indicate what medical condition?
The three sides of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT).
What are: appearance (muscle tone and mental status), work of breathing, and circulation to the skin.
Toddlers (age 1 to 3) breath this many times per minute.
What is 24 to 40 breaths per minute.
EMTs are mandated reporters. Any suspected abuse must be reported by completing these 4 steps:
What is:
PCR Completion
Notification of ER staff
Oral report to NYS Child Abuse and Maltreatment Register
Written report submitted within 48 hours.