Anatomy
Physiology
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Terminology
100

The major muscles of the respiratory system (name 1 of 2)

What are diaphragm or intercostal 

100
Moistens and filters inspired air
What is the nose
100
Active process (requires energy) that happens when thoracic pressure falls below atmospheric pressure
What is inspiration
100
The amount of air moved into or out of the lungs in a single breath is referred to as
What is tidal volume (TV) (average is 500 mL for the adult male)
100

A respiratory rate over 20 per minute

What is Tachypnea

200

Name three of the upper airway structures

What are nose, mouth, jaw, pharynx, larynx, epiglottis

200
Passageway for air, food and drink
What is the pharynx (Naso or oro)
200
Found in the brain stem and arteries, these monitor pH, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels
What are chemoreceptors
200
The portion of the tidal volume that does not reach the alveoli and thus does not participate in gas exchange
What is dead space (approximately 150 mL)
200

A respiratory rate less than 12 per minute

What is Bradypnea

300

Name the four structures of the lower airway

What are trachea, main bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli

300
Prevents food and drink from entering airway when swallowing
What is the epiglottis
300
The "backup sytem" that controls respiration
What is the hypoxic drive
300
The amount of air moved into and out of the lungs in 1 minute minus the dead space
What is Minute Ventilation (or Volume) (MV). This is TV (- dead space) x RR.
300

Condition where the cells of the body are not receiving enough oxygen

What is Hypoxia

400
Name of the nerve that innervates the diaphragm?

What is the phrenic nerve

400

The site of gas exchange

What is alveoli

400
The two main portions of the medulla that control breathing
What are the dorsal respiratory group (the DRG) and the ventral respiratory group (VRG)
400
The air that remains after maximal expiration
What is residual volume (about 1200 mL in the average adult male)
400
Increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood
What is hypercarbia
500
Point at which the trachea splits into the right and left mainstem bronchi
What is the carina
500
Lines the chest wall and both lungs to allow the lungs to expand or conract with the chest wall
What is the pleura (visceral and parietal)
500
The reflex that prevents you from taking too deep a breath
What is the Hering-Breuer reflex
500
The amount of air that reaches the alveoli
What is Alveolar Ventilation (tidal volume (TV) - Dead space)
500
The ability of the alveoli to expand when air is drawn in during inhalation
What is compliance
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