EMS Systems + Workforce Health/Wellness + Lifting/ Moving + Team Approach
What is the difference between EUSTRESS and DISTRESS?
Eustress- stressor that produces a positive response
Distress- stressor that produces a negative response
What does HIPAA stand for?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Define a hernia
protrusion of an organ or tissue through an opening in the body where it does not belong
How many bones make up the human skeleton?
206
What does MDI stand for?
Metered Dose Inhaler
What is AVPU and what does it stand for?
A way to evaluate a patient's level of consciousness
Alert
Verbal
Pain
Unresponsive
What are the three main components of the skeleton?
Axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton, pelvis
What are the 2 main portions of the nervous system? describe an organ within each portion
central nervous system: brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system: nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
Name the 4 "scene hazards" as described in your book.
Hazardous Materials
Electricity (power lines or lightning)
Fire
Vehicle Crashes
What is the name of your Operational Medical Director?
Dr. Benji Marfori
What is the definitive treatment for chronic kidney failure?
Dialysis
What are the three main "planes" of the human body? Explain each plane
coronal (frontal): divides front and back
sagittal (lateral): divides left and right
transverse (axial): divides top and bottom
True or false: allowing a patient to lay down will help with their trouble breathing
False:
Pt's sitting up will allow for more chest wall expansion and be easier to breathe
ensure scene safety
mechanism of injury/ nature of illness
standard precautions (BSI)
# of Patients
consider additional/ specialized resources
True or False: tendons connect bone to bone
False: ligaments connect bone to bone, tendons attached bone to muscle
cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem
Which type of patient movement device is used when a patient has a suspected spinal cord energy?
(long) backboard
What are 3 signs of DEFINITIVE death?
decapitation
dependent lividity
rigor mortis
algor mortis
putrefaction
Name 2 hollow organs and 2 solid organs within the GI system.
Solid: Liver, kidney, ovary, spleen and pancreas
Hollow:Stomach, gallbladder, ureter, large and small intestines, fallopian tubes, bladder, uterus
What is the difference between anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology? (define each)
anatomy: study of the physical structures of the body
physiology: study of the functions of the body
pathophysiology: study of the changes to the body from an exterior stressor or disease or medication
Define ventilation vs respiration
ventilation:movement of air between lungs and physical environment
respiration: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli and tissues in the body
What is the single, all-important goal of a primary assessment?
To identify and begin treatment of immediate or imminent life threats
Name the three types of bones that make up the HAND
carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
Describe the 2 layers of the skin and an list a structure within that layer
Epidermis: new and old skin cells
Dermis:sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, blood vessels, mucous membranes
What is the definition of situational awareness?
The knowledge and understanding of one's surroundings and the ability to recognize potential threats to safety.
True or false: Closed ended questions are preferred when looking for a detailed answer from a patient.
False:
Open-ended questions provide more detail than close-ended questions.
Close-ended questions may be answered in Yes or No.
Which organ refers to cholecystitis?
What are the 5 sections of the spinal cord and how many vertebrae in each?
cervical: 7
thoracic: 12
lumbar:5
sacrum: 5 (fused)
coccyx:4 (fused)
What three structures make up the pharynx?
nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
What are 2 mnemonics used when determining a patient's medical history and/or pain assessment, and what do they stand for?
SAMPLE
signs and symptoms, allergies, medications, pertinent medical hx, last oral intake, events leading up
OPQRST
onset, provocation/palliation, quality, radiation, severity, time
How many types of muscles are in the body? Describe them
Skeletal (voluntary)
Smooth (lining organs)
Cardiac (heart muscle)
Which body system controls and releases the functions of hormones within the body?
Endocrine
What does NIMS stand for?
National Incident Management System
CHART
SOAP
Name one organ in each of the 4 quadrants (no repeats)
RUQ:liver, gallbladder, duodenum, head of pancreas, R kidney and adrenal, hepatic flexure of colon, transverse and ascending colon
RLQ:caecum, appendix, R ovary and tube, R ureter
LUQ:stomach, spleen, L lobe of liver, pancreas body, L kidney and adrenal, splenic flexure of colon, transverse and descending colon
LLQ:descending colon, sigmoid colon, L ovary and tube and L ureter
Describe the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
sympathetic: fight or flight
parasympathetic: resting and digesting
Explain the "hypoxic drive"
the stimulus to breathe comes from low oxygen levels (as opposed to carbon dioxide as the normal stimulus to breathe)
What are three ways to assess a patient during a physical examination?
Inspection (visualize)
Palpation (touch)
Auscultation (hear)
Describe the path of CARDIAC blood flow starting from the deoxygenated blood entering through the vena cava into the right atrium and ending with oxygenated blood exiting the aorta (include names of valves, organs and any arteries or veins)
vena cava--> RA--> tricuspid valve--> RV--> pulmonary valve-->pulmonary arteries--> lungs-->picks up 02--> pulmonary veins--> LA--> mitral or bicuspid valve--> left ventricle--> aortic valve--> aorta--> rest of body
What is the name of the MOLECULE that aids in energy metabolism and storage within the human body?
Hint: not glucose
ATP or adenosine triphosphate