Head go *bonk*
What's the medical name for absent seizures, a type of seizure characterized by brief, sudden lapses in consciousness where the individual may appear to be staring blankly into space?
Petit mal seizure
What is an inflamed gallbladder called?
cholecystitis
What are the three most common signs of hyperglycemia, all of which start with "P"?
polyuria, polyphagia, and polydipsia
How should you remove the stinger of an insect from the patient if it's still in place after they've been stung?
Remove the stinger by scraping the skin with the edge of a sharp, stiff object such as a credit card. Do not use tweezers or forceps to remove the stinger because this may squeeze more venom into the wound
What are the routes of poisoning?
1. Ingestion
2. Inhalation
3. Injection
4. Absorption
What is a behavioral health emergency?
An emergency in which abnormal behavior threatens a person’s own health and safety or the health and safety of another person—for example, when a person becomes suicidal or homicidal, or has a psychotic episode
What do all the letters in the BEFAST mnemonic stand for?
Balance, Eyes, Facial droop, Arm drift, Slurred speech, Time
What is the the most important reason for monitoring the patients ability to manage their airway in a patient with a stroke?
Difficulty swallowing leading to airway compromise
What position would be most comfortable for a patient if they're experiencing severe abdominal pain?
Fetal position
What hormone lowers blood glucose levels?
Insulin
What are the 3 life threatening signs anaphylaxis causes that are also used as indications for administering an epipen?
• Airway swelling or compromise
• Respiratory distress or arrest
• Shock
What toxin is the most likely concern when multiple patients show the same symptoms of headache, lightheadedness, SpO2 of 100%, and cherry red lips
Carbon Monoxide poisoning
Provide 3 examples of guidelines for keeping yourself safe while helping a patient with a behavioral health emergency.
1. Ensure you always have means for communication (a radio)
2. Know your exits, never let the patient block them
3. Calmly identify yourself
4. Quickly VERBALLY deescalate the patients agitation
5. Do not keep anything around your neck like your stethoscope
6. Allow them personal space
What are the 2 different doses of epi, and who gets which?
Children < 4 years old 0.15mg epi,
Patients 4 >= years old 0.3mg epi
What are the 2 criteria that qualifies a seizures as status epilepticus?
Either a continuous seizures lasting longer than 30 minutes or repeated seizures without a return to baseline in-between
What is black, foul smelling tarry stool containing digested blood called?
Melena
Provide 3+ signs/symptoms of dehydration
1. warm, dry skin
2. poor skin turgor
3. sunken eyes
4. increased thirst
5. dark urine
6. decreased saliva
7. AMS/lethargy
What's the difference between an allergic reaction and anaphylaxis?
An allergic reaction is an exaggerated immune response to any substance.
Anaphylaxis is an extreme, life-threatening, systemic allergic reaction that involves multiple organ systems which may include shock and respiratory failure.
What is the term for the buildup of toxic waste products within the blood, eventually leading to impaired brain functions if not treated?
Uremia
When is it appropriate to physically restrain a patient?
After a significant effort to use verbal deescalation has not worked, you may use restraints only to protect yourself or others from bodily harm or to prevent the patient from injuring himself or herself
What is the indication for administering narcan?
Respiratory depression secondary to opiate overdose
The most common type of stroke, accounting for 87% of all strokes.
What is an ischemic stroke?
Where does pain from appendicitis START?
Periumbilical
What is sickle cell disease?
A hereditary disease that causes normal, round red blood cells to become oblong, or sickle shaped
Why does urticaria occur in allergic reactions?
Increased capillary permeability
What is the most commonly abused drug in the US?
Alcohol
What's your most appropriate action for a patient experiencing auditory or visual hallucinations?
Attempt to reorientate them to reality without denying or playing along with their delusions/hallucinations
What is the age consideration for Narcan?
No age requirement, but call medical control for patients < 5 years old
What are the three major parts of the brain?
The brainstem, cerebellum, and the cerebrum.
What's the difference between visceral and somatic pain?
Visceral pain is pain from internal organs, somatic pain is pain from the skin muscles or joints
Provide 3+ conditions that can mimic a diabetic emergency.
sepsis, stroke, intoxication, head injury, postictal state, uremia
What is the dosage for administering activated charcoal?
1 gram of activated charcoal per kilogram of body weight