unit 7
reported speech: "I can finish it today."
She said that she could finish it today.
Participal adjectves and nouns as adjectives: I saw a very ________ comedy show last night. It involved a lot of ________ participation. (audience, entertain)
I saw a very entertaining comedy show last night. It involved a lot of audience participation.
hope and wish: If the conflict ends soon, there may still be a peaceful solution
I hope the conflict ends soon.
too and enough: We can't make any definite conclusions. It's very early.
It's too early to make any definite conclusions.
Negative gerunds and infinitives: I didn't accept the job offer. I regret that now.
Now I regret not accepting the job offer.
Reduced adverb time clauses: Before I started the presentation, I tried to joke around.
Before starting the presentation, I tried to joke around.
implied conditionals: If it hadn't been for your help, I would never have solved the problem. (without)
Without your help, I would never have solved the problem.
articles: What do _____United States, _____ United Kingdom, ________Germany, and France have in common?
the, the, 0
negative gerunds and infinitives: She's made up her mind. She will not buy a new house this year.
She's made up her mind not to buy a new house this year.
Reduced adverb time clauses: As I was driving to work, I heard a great podcast.
While driving to work I heard a great podcast.
implied conditionals: If she had wanted to patch things up, we would still be friends today. (or else)
She doesn't want to patch things up, or else we would still be friends today.
Researchers say ____ key to getting the brain and mood-boosting effects of ____ chocolate is to choose dark chocolate with ____ high percentage of cocoa.
the, 0, a
He's angry because he was dumped.
He's upset about having been dumped.
Cause and effect in participal phrases: Since I hadn't gone to the comedy show with everyone, I felt excluded.
Having not gone to the comedy show with everyone, I felt excluded.
inverted conditionals: If you find yourself in a hostile situation, try to leave.
Should you find yourself in a hostile situation, try to leave.
adverbs: It took a long time to fix a small problem. (relatively)
It took a relatively long time to fix a small problem.
It took a long time to fix a relatively small problem.
perfect gerunds and infinitives: She broke up with him over the phone.
Cause and effect in participal phrases: Because he realized that no one was listening to him, Ming stopped talking.
Realizing that no one was listening to him, Ming stopped talking.
inverted conditionals: If he were more down to earth, we could relate to our manager better.
Were he more down to earth, we could relate to our manager better.
Luis doesn't like to do tedious tasks. (even)
Even Luis doesn't like to do tedious tasks.
Luis doesn't even like to do tedious tasks.