Theories of Counseling and the Helping Relationship
Groups
Lifestyle and Career Development
100
Jean Piaget's theory has four stages. The correct order from stage 1 to stage 4 is
c. sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, formal operations
pg. 41
100
Culture is really a set of rules, procedures, ideas, and values shared by members of a society. Culture is said to be normative. This implies that
c. culture provides individuals with standards of conduct
pg. 99
100
A student tells a college counselor that he is not upset by a grade of "F" in physical education that marred his fourth year perfect 4.0 average, inasmuch as "straight A student are eggheads.' This demonstrates
c. sour grapes rationalization
pg. 155
100
Prior to the 1960's most counseling took place
c. in a dyadic relationship
pg.244
100
Roe spoke of three basic parenting styles: overprotective, avoidant, or acceptant. The result is that the child.
c. will develop a personality which gravitates (i.e., moves toward people or away from people)
pg. 307
200
Trust vs mistrust is
b. Erik Erikson's first stage of psychosocial developlment
pg. 47
200
A counselor who is seeking a client from a different culture would most likely expect ____ social conformity than he or she would from a client from his or her own culture.
a. less
pg. 109
200
An eclectic counselor
c. attempts to choose the best theoretical approach based on the client's attributions, resources, and situations.
pg. 168
200
T-groups often stress ways employees can express themselves in an effective manner. The "T" in T-groups merely stands for
c. training
pg 252
200
Holland relied on a personality theory of career choice. Hoppock's theory, based on the work of ____ is also considered a personality approach.
d. Henry Murray
pg. 316
300
Stage theorists assume
a. qualitative changes between stages occur
pg 58
300
Multicultural counselors often adhere to the emic view point. The word emic
d. is a "cultural specific" perspective, from the word phonemic meaning sounds in a particular language
pg. 120
300
A stimulus which accompanies a primary reinforcer takes on reinforcement properties of its own. This is known as
c. secondary reinforcement
pg. 191
300
In some literature, group cohesiveness, or "we-ness", is known as
a. group unity
pg. 272
300
At its zenith the DOT listed
c. approximately 30,000 job titles
pg. 324
400
The sequence of object loss, which goes from protest to despair to detachment, best describes the work of
d. Bowlby
pg. 71
400
When a person has two negative alternatives, it is called an
c. avoidance-avoidance conflict
pg. 131
400
Gestalt therapists sometimes utilize the exaggeration experiment which most closely resembles
b. paradox as practiced by Frankl, Haley, or Erickson
pg. 225
400
Maintenance roles, like task roles, are positive since such roles
a. help in maintain the group
pg. 277
400
The U. S. Employment Service created the
c. GATB
pg. 335
500
Ritualistic behaviors , which are common to all members of a species, are known as
c. fixed-action patterns elicited by sign stimuli
pg. 83
500
The client who would most likely engage in introspection would be a
a. 52-yr-old single African-American male school administrator
500
Critics of the Rogerian approach feel that
d. b and c
b. some degree of directiveness is needed after the initial phase of counseling
c. more confrontation is necessary, though Rogers did encourage caring confrontations.
pg. 236
500
A major limitation related to group work is that
d. a group leader can lose control and members could experience emotional harm
pg.288
500
The concept of job clubs as promoted by Azrin et al.