Multiple and Competing Purposes
Today's Students
Social, historical and political context
Philosophical Approaches
Transformative Teaching
100

At a minimum, the thing every school should do, according to Emily Hanford.

What is teach children to read?

100

This is what public schools are increasingly becoming due to demographic shifts in the general population.

What is diverse?

100

He is considered the father of the Common School Movement.

Who is Horace Mann?

100

Concrete operational is one of the developmental stages he identified.

Who is Piaget?

100

There are two sets of these - one for learning and one for the teaching profession.

What are the New York State standards?

200

Because they provide hot meals and support children through difficult situations like domestic violence and homelessness, this is a key role for schools, according to Jessica Grose.

What is to care?

200

Approximately 15% of students are identified with one or more of these.

What are disabilities?

200

A school for assimilating Native American students that used violent tactics such as removing children from their families, forbidding the use of their home language and corporal punishment to "save" them. 

What is the Carlisle Indian Industrial School?
200
This is the sweet spot where children are adequately challenged but a task is not impossible.

What is the Zone of Proximal Development?

200

Curriculum should be both of these things - reflecting students' experiences and introducing them to new ideas.

What are a window and a mirror?

300

Because any student can study and move ahead in life, schools are a place to demonstrate this, according to Asra Q. Nomani.

What is merit?

300

About 32% of disabilities are these.

What is a specific learning disability?
300

A landmark decision in 1954 that overturned the "separate but equal" doctrine and ended legally enforced school segregation.

What is Brown v. the Board of Education?

300

The true purpose of education, according to him, is for the oppressed to liberate themselves, as well as their oppressors.

Who is Paulo Freire?

300
Schools and teachers should deliberately include families' cultures and traditions through activities and curriculum according to this New York State document.

What is the Culturally Responsive and Sustaining Framework?

400

Not educating children about history obscures this fundamental purpose of schooling, according to McGhee and Ray.

What is making American citizens?

400

These students may need particular support with learning English, feeling welcome and dealing with stressors such as threats of removal and food insecurity.

Who are immigrant students?

400

This was a major cause of school segregation in places such as New York City and Boston.

What is housing segregation?

400

According to him, the real task of education is to bridge students real life experience with what they are doing in school.

Who is Dewey?

400

Students of color are far more likely to experience this from both their teachers and school administration.

What is punitive discipline?
500

Because they mainly focus on credentialing and useless information that will be soon forgotten, according to Bryan Caplan.

What is schools are for wasting time and money?

500

These students are at much higher risk for depression and self-harm.

Who are LGBTQ students?

500

These parents tend to have an outsized influence on public schools.

Who are white, middle- and upper-class parents?
500

According to this scholar, childhood is constructed through a cultural lens, so that what we perceive as "normal" development may be culturally biased.

Who is Amita Gupta?
500

Teachers committed to social justice should work both inside and outside of the classroom to dismantle inequity, according to this scholar.

Who is Bree Picower?

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