Organelles
Which organelle contains the cell's genetic material and controls cell activities?
Nucleus
What temporary structure forms when a substrate binds to an enzyme?
Enzyme-substrate complex
What process causes favourable inherited traits to become more common over generations?
Natural selection
Organisms of the same species living in the same area form a what?
Population
What type of variable should be placed on the y-axis of a graph?
Dependent variable
Which organelle is the main site of aerobic cellular respiration?
Mitochondrion
What happens to reaction rate when all enzyme active sites are occupied?
It plateaus
What type of adaptation involves an internal body process, such as producing concentrated urine?
Physiological adaptation
Temperature, rainfall and pH are examples of what type of factor?
Abiotic factors
Results are very similar across repeated trials. What does this indicate?
High reliability
Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
Ribosome
An enzyme works best at pH 2. What term describes pH 2 for this enzyme?
Optimum pH
What type of evolution occurs when related species become increasingly different over time?
Divergent evolution
What term describes an organism's role within its ecosystem?
Ecological niche
A thermometer consistently reads 2°C too high. Which quality of the data is affected?
Accuracy
Which organelle modifies, sorts and packages proteins into vesicles?
Golgi apparatus
Why does enzyme activity fall rapidly above its optimum temperature?
The active site changes shape / denaturation
What structures share a similar underlying anatomy due to common ancestry but may have different functions?
Homologous structures
A population rises rapidly before stabilising around the same size. What has it likely reached?
Carrying capacity
Students test light intensity on photosynthesis but also change temperature. What is compromised?
Validity
Which organelle contains digestive enzymes that break down damaged organelles and cellular waste?
Lysosome
Substrate concentration increases but reaction rate stays constant. What has become the limiting factor?
Enzyme concentration
What type of dating uses the known decay rate of radioactive isotopes to determine the age of a fossil or rock?
Radiometric dating
The increase in concentration of a toxin at each higher trophic level in a food chain.
Biomagnification
A scientist only reports results that support their hypothesis and ignores results that contradict it. What is this an example of?
Bias