Waves
How do sound waves travel through the air?
Something similar to: By expanding the air molecules to compress and expand as the wave passes through.
What is the Law of Magnetic Poles?
Opposite magnetic poles attract and same poles repel.
Define conduction
Transfer of heat by the collision of particles (direct contact)
In Matthias's experiment, which type of line held the most weight?
Braided
What is a short circuit?
When current finds a shorter path to its source without going through the intended device.
Name one difference between how sound waves and light waves travel.
Include at least one:
Light: Faster; can travel through a vacuum; in a straight line
Sound: Slower; needs a medium; can reflect off of objects
What is an electromagnet?
A type of magnet where a magnetic field is produced by coil of wire wound around a magnetic material, such as iron, that produces a magnetic field when current flows through
Give one example of heat transfer through conduction.
Answer should have direct contact with the heat source.
In Adelyn's experiment, what factors made the granular materials flow faster or slower?
Size, shape, and texture.
Describe a series circuit.
In a series circuit, electricity flows along a single path.
Describe what happens to the light when we see an object as orange. (Reflect and absorbs)
The object reflects the orange wavelength and absorbs all of the other wavelengths.
How can you increase the strength of an electromagnet? (List two ways.)
At least two of the following three:
Add more coils
Iron core
Increase voltage (more current)
Define Convection
Transfer of heat through currents
In Moses's experiment, a potato battery is what fraction of the voltage of a AA battery?
2/3
Describe a parallel circuit.
A parallel circuit has electricity that flows along multiple paths.
Describe what happens to the light when we see an object as black.
The material absorbs nearly all visible light that strikes its surface.
What materials are magnetic? List at least two.
Iron, cobalt, Nickel, gadolinium, or alloys with these.
Give one example of convection.
The answer would have heat moving through currents (usually within liquid or gas.)
In Jackson's, what is the measurement of the brightness of light?
Lux
Which type of circuit would be the best to use for a string of Christmas lights and why?
Parallel because if one bulb broke, the rest of the bulbs would still be lit.
Name at least two of the three main characteristics of sound.
Pitch/frequency, loudness/amplitude, and overtones/harmonics
Describe how to temporarily make an iron nail magnetic. And describe why this happens.
a nail becomes temporarily magnetic by stroking it with a magnet.
Rubbing an iron object against a magnet encourages the atoms to align themselves with the magnet's magnetic field.
Define thermal radiation
Transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves
In Maddie's experiment, which metals were in the fruit that helped conduct electricity in the fruit?
Zinc and copper
Describe the different types of lenses.
What are the two types of lenses? The two types of lenses are convex and concave. A convex lens is thicker in the middle and focuses light to a point — it's used in magnifying glasses and cameras. A concave lens is thinner in the middle and spreads light out — it's used in eyeglasses for nearsightedness.