Early America and the Columbian Exchange
What was the name of the global exchange of people, plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World and the New World?
Columbian Exchange
Founded in 1607, what was the very first permanent English settlement in North America?
Jamestown
In what 1770 event did British soldiers fire into an angry crowd in Boston, killing five colonists?
The Boston Massacre
What 1820 agreement kept the balance between free and slave states by drawing an imaginary line across the country to decide where slavery could expand?
Missouri Compromise
The first shots of the Civil War were fired when Confederate forces attacked what federal fort in South Carolina?
Fort Sumter
Which animal, brought to the Americas by Spanish explorers, completely changed the way Great Plains tribes hunted buffalo?
The horse
What 1620 agreement was signed by the Pilgrims to establish a government based on the rules of the majority?
The Mayflower Compact
Who wrote the famous 1776 pamphlet called Common Sense, which urged colonists to break away from Great Britain?
Thomas Paine
What was the term for the 1840s belief that the United States was destined by God to expand all the way to the Pacific Ocean?
Manifest Destiny
What famous document, issued by Abraham Lincoln in 1863, declared that all enslaved people in Confederate states were free?
The Emancipation Proclamation
What deadly disease brought over by Europeans wiped out the majority of the Native American population?
Smallbox
Which region of the 13 colonies was known as the "Breadbasket" because it grew so much wheat and grain?
The Middle Colonies
Who was chosen as the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War?
George Washington
In 1849, hundred of thousands of people rushed to California after what valuable resource was discovered at Sutter's Mill?
Gold
Which amendment to the Constitution officially banned slavery across the entire United States?
13th Amendment
What famous agricultural method did many Native American tribes use to grow corn, beans, and squash together?
The three sisters
Founded by William Penn, which colony was created as a safe haven for Quakers and was known for its religious tolerance?
Pennsylvania
Written in 1787, what document is the "supreme law of the land" that outlines how the U.S. government works?
The Constitution
In what landmark 1857 case did the Supreme Court rule that African Americans were not citizens, could not sue for freedom, and therefore and that Congress could not ban slavery?
Dred Scott
What type of laws were passed by Southern states in the late 1800s to enforce segregation, separating Black and white Americans in public places?
Jim Crow Laws
Which powerful alliance of five (and later six) tribes in New York lived in longhouses and formed a massive council to keep peace?
The Iroquois Convention
What was the name of the system where Africa, the American colonies, and Europe traded enslaved people, raw materials, and manufactured goods?
Triangular Trade
What was the name of the peace treaty signed in 1783 that officially ended the war and recognized the United States as an independent nation?
The Treaty of Paris
What major engineering marvel opened in 1825, connecting the Hudson River to the Great Lakes and making New York City a center for trade?
The Erie Canal
What agency was set up by Congress during Reconstruction to help newly freed African Americans find food, jobs, and get an education?
Freedmans Bureau